Factores de riesgo de la osteomielitis en niños y adolescentes menores de 15 años atendidos en el Hospital Delfina Torres de Concha de la ciudad de Esmeraldas en el período junio 2014- abril 2015
Fecha
2015
Autores
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
“FACTORES DE RIESGO DE LA OSTEOMIELITIS EN NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES MENORES DE 15 AÑOS ATENDIDOS EN EL HOSPITAL DELFINA TORRES DE CONCHA DE LA CIUDAD DE ESMERALDAS EN EL PERIODO JUNIO 2014 – ABRIL 2015”
Los factores de riesgo de la osteomielitis (OM) son de principal interés para determinar si se está frente a un paciente con OM. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y observacional en 69 pacientes niños y adolescentes menores de 15 años diagnosticados con osteomielitis en el área de pediatría del Hospital “Delfina Torres de Concha” de la ciudad de Esmeraldas en el período Junio del 2014 a Abril del 2015. El objetivo es de este trabajo es identificar factores de riesgo en niños y adolescentes menores de 15 años con osteomielitis con el fin de determinar y/o disminuir las complicaciones que pueden presentarse.
Los datos fueron asentados y tabulados en tablas estadísticas para los cuales se realizaron cuadros y gráficos. Las edades fluctuaron entre 1 a 15 años, representándose con mayor frecuencia desde los 10 a 12 años con un 36% de los casos estudiados, el sexo masculino fue el más afecto con un 87%, pacientes de área rural con 84%, con condiciones económicas bajas un 84%, el tipo osteomielitis que más incidencia tuvo fue la hematógena aguda con 72%; los factores de riesgo que presentaron fueron traumatismos directos con 43,48%, fractura expuesta con 26,09%, abscesos 23,19%, cuerpos extraños 7,25%, el agente etiológico que causo OM con más frecuencia es el Staphylococcus aureus con un 67%; la localización siempre fue en huesos largos siendo la tibia el más afecto con un 46%; en lo que se refiere al tratamiento se utilizó cefazolina asociada con clindamicina con un 60% de efectividad lo que evito que se realice tratamiento quirúrgico como la amputación ando un 0% como resultado.
Palabras Claves: OM (Osteomielitis), OMA (Osteomielitis aguda), OMC (Osteomielitis crónica), VSG (velocidad de sedimentación glomerular), PCR (proteína C reactiva), TAC (tomografía axial computarizada), RMN (resonancia magnética nuclear), IV (vía intravenosa).
SUMMARY “RISK FACTORS OSTEOMYELITIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS 15 YEARS TREATED IN HOSPITAL DELFINA CONCHA TOWERS EMERALD CITY IN THE PERIOD JUNE 2014 - APRIL 2015 " Riskfactorsforosteomyelitis are of primary interestfor determining hether a patientisfacingwithosteomyelitis. A descriptive, observational study was conducted in 69 patients’ children and adolescents under 15 years diagnosed with osteomyelitis in the area of pediatrics "Delfina Torres de Concha" Hospital of the city of Esmeraldas in the period June 2014 to April 2015. Objective is to determine the main risk factors leading to osteomyelitis present in order to recognize and to decrease and / or decrease complications that may arise. Data were seated and tabulated in tables for which statistics tables and charts we remade. The ages ranged from 1-15 years represented most often from 10 to 12 years with 36% of the cases studied , male sex was the most affected with 87 % of rural patients with 84 % , with conditions economic down turns by 84 %, the highest incidence was osteomyelitis acute hematogenous was 72 % ; risk factors presented were direct trauma to 43.48 % , 26.09 % exposed to , abscesses 23.19% , foreign bodies 7.25 % , the etiological agent that caused osteomyelitisis Staphylococcus aureus more fracture one 67% ; the location was always in the radius long bones the affection with 46% ; when itrefersto treatment with clindamycin cincefazolinas associated with 60 % effective contracted so as surgical treatment is amputation of 0% was used . Keywords: OM (osteomyelitis) OMA (Acute osteomyelitis), WTO (Chronic osteomyelitis), ESR (sedimentation rate), CRP (C-reactive protein), CT (computed tomography), MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance), IV (intravenous).
SUMMARY “RISK FACTORS OSTEOMYELITIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS 15 YEARS TREATED IN HOSPITAL DELFINA CONCHA TOWERS EMERALD CITY IN THE PERIOD JUNE 2014 - APRIL 2015 " Riskfactorsforosteomyelitis are of primary interestfor determining hether a patientisfacingwithosteomyelitis. A descriptive, observational study was conducted in 69 patients’ children and adolescents under 15 years diagnosed with osteomyelitis in the area of pediatrics "Delfina Torres de Concha" Hospital of the city of Esmeraldas in the period June 2014 to April 2015. Objective is to determine the main risk factors leading to osteomyelitis present in order to recognize and to decrease and / or decrease complications that may arise. Data were seated and tabulated in tables for which statistics tables and charts we remade. The ages ranged from 1-15 years represented most often from 10 to 12 years with 36% of the cases studied , male sex was the most affected with 87 % of rural patients with 84 % , with conditions economic down turns by 84 %, the highest incidence was osteomyelitis acute hematogenous was 72 % ; risk factors presented were direct trauma to 43.48 % , 26.09 % exposed to , abscesses 23.19% , foreign bodies 7.25 % , the etiological agent that caused osteomyelitisis Staphylococcus aureus more fracture one 67% ; the location was always in the radius long bones the affection with 46% ; when itrefersto treatment with clindamycin cincefazolinas associated with 60 % effective contracted so as surgical treatment is amputation of 0% was used . Keywords: OM (osteomyelitis) OMA (Acute osteomyelitis), WTO (Chronic osteomyelitis), ESR (sedimentation rate), CRP (C-reactive protein), CT (computed tomography), MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance), IV (intravenous).
Descripción
Palabras clave
Factores de riesgo, Osteomielitis, Adolescente, Pediatría, Hospital General Delfina Torres de Concha, Cantón Esmeraldas, Epidemiología descriptiva, Ecuador