Placenta previa: factores de riesgo y complicaciones en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor durante el período de enero a diciembre de 2014
Fecha
2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La placenta previa es una de las patologías frecuentes y de importancia en las gestantes,
el presente trabajo se realizó en la ciudad de Guayaquil, en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico
Enrique C. Sotomayor ubicado en el centro sur de la cuidad, con la finalidad de conocer e
identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a placenta previa y sus respectivas
complicaciones, se realiza un estudio de investigación observacional, retrospectivo y de
tipo descriptiva. De un total de 304 que presentaron placenta previa donde se tomó una
muestra al azar de 171 pacientes. La información de cada una de ellas fue registrada en un
formulario en el que se incluyeron las variables: edad, instrucción académico, estado civil,
residencia, ocupación edad estacional, cesáreas previas, complicaciones obstétricas,
transfusiones sanguíneas. Los resultados obtenidos del hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique
C. Sotomayor. Entre los factores predisponentes de las pacientes con placenta previa los
más importantes fueron la edad de 25 a 39 años con el 61,4%. La residencia de zona urbana
representa 78,9%. La instrucción superior e secundaria completa con un 29,2%, condición
de unión libre 48,0 %, la presencia de cicatriz uterina previa con 59,1% Ocupación actual
de la pacientes con un 58,5% el ser amas de casa, y como complicaciones tenemos la
hipotonía uterina con 32,2%, las Hemorragias con un 27,8%, las histerectomías 8,1%,
transfusiones sanguíneas con un36, 26% y el Acretismo placentario con un 7,0%
Placenta previa is a frequent and important diseases in pregnant women, this study was conducted in the city of Guayaquil, in the Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor located in the south of the city center, in order to meet and identify risk factors associated with placenta previa and their complications, an observational, retrospective and descriptive research is done. A total of 304 had placenta previa where a random sample of 171 patients was taken. The information of each was recorded in a form in which the variables were included: age, academic education, marital status, residence, occupation gestational age, previous cesarean section, obstetric complications, blood transfusions. The results of Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor. Among the predisposing factors in patients with previous major placenta were age 25-39 years 61.4%. The residence of urban area is 78.9%. The top and complete secondary education with 29.2% of cohabiting condition 48.0%, presence of previous uterine scar 59.1% Current occupation of patients with 58.5% being housewives, and as complications include uterine hypotonia with 32.2%, the bleeding with 27.8%, 8.1% hysterectomies, blood transfusions un36, 26% and placenta accreta with 7.0%
Placenta previa is a frequent and important diseases in pregnant women, this study was conducted in the city of Guayaquil, in the Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor located in the south of the city center, in order to meet and identify risk factors associated with placenta previa and their complications, an observational, retrospective and descriptive research is done. A total of 304 had placenta previa where a random sample of 171 patients was taken. The information of each was recorded in a form in which the variables were included: age, academic education, marital status, residence, occupation gestational age, previous cesarean section, obstetric complications, blood transfusions. The results of Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor. Among the predisposing factors in patients with previous major placenta were age 25-39 years 61.4%. The residence of urban area is 78.9%. The top and complete secondary education with 29.2% of cohabiting condition 48.0%, presence of previous uterine scar 59.1% Current occupation of patients with 58.5% being housewives, and as complications include uterine hypotonia with 32.2%, the bleeding with 27.8%, 8.1% hysterectomies, blood transfusions un36, 26% and placenta accreta with 7.0%
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PLACENTA PREVIA, EMABAROZO, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIO RETROSPECTIVO, HODPITAL GINECO-OBSTETRICO ENRIQUE C. SOTOMAYOR, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, COMPLIXCACIONES DEL EMBARAZO, FACTORES DE RIESGO, ECUADOR