Incidencia de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en adolescentes de 10 a 19 años y psicopatologías asociadas atendidas en el Area de Emergencia del Instituto de Neurociencias durante el año 2014
Fecha
2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil.Facultad de Ciencias Médicas.Escuela de Medicina.
Resumen
Titulo: “CONSUMO DE SUSTANCIAS PSICOACTIVAS EN ADOLESCENTES DE
10 A 19 AÑOS Y PSICOPATOLOGIAS ASOCIADAS”
Autor: TOVAR SANCHEZ, Andrea Elizabeth
Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en
adolescentes y sus psicopatologías asociadas por medio de la observación indirecta para
aportar información al servicio.
Metodología: Se realizó estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, se revisaron las historias
clínicas por medio del Sistema MIS, de todos los pacientes adolescentes de 10 a 19 años
que consumían sustancias psicoactivas atendidos en la emergencia del Instituto de
Neurociencias de la Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil durante el año 2014. La
organización de los datos se realizó con el programa estadístico Microsoft Excel.
Resultados: Se presentó un predomino del sexo masculino en relación al femenino, la
mayoría de casos se dieron entre los 15 a 19 años, se evidenció que los afectados
provenían del sector urbano-marginal en su mayoría, de ocupación estudiantes y de
condición social de baja a media, los cuales ya habían presentado varios episodios
anteriores de consumo y no habían buscado ayuda; se determinó que la droga más usada
era el cannabis. Se determinó que una parte de la población consumidora de sustancias
presenta antecedentes de patologías psiquiátricas, con mayor frecuencia trastornos
depresivos y frecuentemente acudían a la emergencia por síndrome de dependencia.
Conclusiones: El consumo de sustancias sigue siendo un serio problema de salud pública,
es poca la atención y los recursos destinados a su prevención y tratamiento por ello, es
importante fortalecer los planes de educación continua y soporte psicológico para los
adolescentes y sus familiares así se evitaría las repercusiones funcionales y orgánicas con
fin de evitar casos fatales.
Title: "PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS 10 TO 19 YEARS AND ASSOCIATED PSYCHOPATHOLOGY" Author: SANCHEZ TOVAR Andrea Elizabeth Objective: To determine the incidence of psychoactive substances in adolescents and associated psychopathology through indirect observation to provide information to the service. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study, the medical records through MIS system, of all adolescent patients 10 to 19 years who consumed psychoactive substances treated in the emergency of the Institute of Neurosciences, Guayaquil Welfare Board were reviewed during the 2014. The organization of the data was performed using the statistical program Microsoft Excel. Results: A predominance of males in relation to women was introduced, most cases occurred among 15-19 years, showed that the victims were from the urban-marginal sector mostly students occupation and social status low to medium, which had already filed several previous episodes of consumption and had not sought help; it was determined that the most commonly used drug was cannabis. It was determined that a portion of the consumer population substance presents a history of psychiatric disorders, most often depressive disorders and frequently went to the emergency dependence syndrome. Conclusions: The substance remains a serious public health problem, little attention and resources for prevention and treatment it is important to strengthen plans for continuing education and psychological support for adolescents and their families and are prevent functional and organic repercussions avoid fatalities.
Title: "PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS 10 TO 19 YEARS AND ASSOCIATED PSYCHOPATHOLOGY" Author: SANCHEZ TOVAR Andrea Elizabeth Objective: To determine the incidence of psychoactive substances in adolescents and associated psychopathology through indirect observation to provide information to the service. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study, the medical records through MIS system, of all adolescent patients 10 to 19 years who consumed psychoactive substances treated in the emergency of the Institute of Neurosciences, Guayaquil Welfare Board were reviewed during the 2014. The organization of the data was performed using the statistical program Microsoft Excel. Results: A predominance of males in relation to women was introduced, most cases occurred among 15-19 years, showed that the victims were from the urban-marginal sector mostly students occupation and social status low to medium, which had already filed several previous episodes of consumption and had not sought help; it was determined that the most commonly used drug was cannabis. It was determined that a portion of the consumer population substance presents a history of psychiatric disorders, most often depressive disorders and frequently went to the emergency dependence syndrome. Conclusions: The substance remains a serious public health problem, little attention and resources for prevention and treatment it is important to strengthen plans for continuing education and psychological support for adolescents and their families and are prevent functional and organic repercussions avoid fatalities.
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Adolescente, CONSUMO DE DROGAS, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, INSTITUTO DE NEUROCIENCIAS, PSICOPATOLOGIA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, PEDIATRIA