Prevalencia de Staphylococcus Aureus en ala de nariz y manos del personal médico y de enfermería de la Clínica Latino Cuenca Ecuador. Frecuencia y patrón de sensibilidad antimicrobiana. Diciembre 2014 – abril 2015
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) es un microorganismo de gran importancia médica. La diseminación del microorganismo en el contexto nosocomial ocurre por aerosolización y por contacto interpersonal entre el personal hospitalario y los pacientes. El interés actual del estudio de este patógeno deriva, bien de su elevada frecuencia, o por representar, en el caso de cepas resistentes a meticilina (aislados SAMR), una de las principales causas de brotes de infección nosocomial. Objetivo: En el presente estudio se determinó la prevalencia de S. aureus en ala de nariz y manos del personal médico y de enfermería en la Clínica Latino de la ciudad de Cuenca, además se determinó el patrón de sensibilidad a los antimicrobianos de las cepas aisladas y la prevalencia de cepas de S aureus meticilino resistente (SAMR). Metodología: Se trató de un estudio cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo, de corte transversal. Para detectar el estado de portador de S. aureus y los patrones de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de las cepas aisladas, se procesaron muestras de exudado nasal e hisopado de manos de 81 profesionales tanto médicos como personal de enfermería a quienes se les aplicó un formulario de recolección de datos. El aislamiento e identificación bacteriana se hizo siguiendo la metodología convencional según los criterios del CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) y se determinó la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana mediante el método de difusión en disco. Los resultados fueron procesados en el sistema SPSS
15.00 versión Evaluación. Resultados: El 40,7% resultó positivo para portador de
Staphylococcus aureus, de los cuales el 84,8% correspondieron a portadores nasales y el
15,2% a portadores en ambos sitios anatómicos (nariz y manos). La frecuencia de portación de SAMR fue de 21,2 %. Conclusiones: La portación de S. aureus en el personal hospitalario es frecuente, lo que coloca en potencial riesgo para los pacientes de estos servicios; por lo que resulta indispensable promover medidas sanitarias y de bioseguridad en el personal médico y de enfermería para disminuir posibles infecciones nosocomiales
Staphylococcus aureus is a microorganism of great medical importance. The spread of the microorganism in the nosocomial context occurs by aerosolization and interpersonal contact between hospital staff and patients. Recent interest in the study of this pathogen derived either of its high frequency, or represent, in the case of methicillin resistant strains (isolated MRSA), a major cause of outbreaks of nosocomial infection. Objective: In this study the prevalence of S. aureus in the nasal cavity and hands of medical and nursing staff in the Latino Clinic-Cuenca. In addition, the pattern of sensitivity was determined antimicrobial isolates and the prevalence of strains of S aureus methicillin resistant (MRSA). Methodology: This was a quantitative study, descriptive, cross-sectional. To detect carrier status of S. aureus and patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates, nasal swab samples and 81 swabs from the hands of both medical professionals and nurses who answered a collection form is processed data. Isolation and bacterial identification was made following the conventional method according to the criteria of CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion method. The results were processed in SPSS version 15.00 Evaluation system. Results: 40.7% were positive for Staphylococcus aureus carrier, of which 84.8% were nasal carriers and 15.2% for carriers in both anatomical sites (nose and hands). The frequency of MRSA carriage was 21.2%. Conclusions: The carriage of S. aureus in the hospital staff is common, putting at potential risk to patients of these services. Therefore, it is essential to promote health and biosecurity measures in the medical and nursing staff to reduce potential nosocomial infections
Staphylococcus aureus is a microorganism of great medical importance. The spread of the microorganism in the nosocomial context occurs by aerosolization and interpersonal contact between hospital staff and patients. Recent interest in the study of this pathogen derived either of its high frequency, or represent, in the case of methicillin resistant strains (isolated MRSA), a major cause of outbreaks of nosocomial infection. Objective: In this study the prevalence of S. aureus in the nasal cavity and hands of medical and nursing staff in the Latino Clinic-Cuenca. In addition, the pattern of sensitivity was determined antimicrobial isolates and the prevalence of strains of S aureus methicillin resistant (MRSA). Methodology: This was a quantitative study, descriptive, cross-sectional. To detect carrier status of S. aureus and patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates, nasal swab samples and 81 swabs from the hands of both medical professionals and nurses who answered a collection form is processed data. Isolation and bacterial identification was made following the conventional method according to the criteria of CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion method. The results were processed in SPSS version 15.00 Evaluation system. Results: 40.7% were positive for Staphylococcus aureus carrier, of which 84.8% were nasal carriers and 15.2% for carriers in both anatomical sites (nose and hands). The frequency of MRSA carriage was 21.2%. Conclusions: The carriage of S. aureus in the hospital staff is common, putting at potential risk to patients of these services. Therefore, it is essential to promote health and biosecurity measures in the medical and nursing staff to reduce potential nosocomial infections
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Palabras clave
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, PERSONAL HOSPITALARIO, PORTADOR, STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS METICILINO-RESISTENTE