Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de tres variedades de berenjena Solanum melongena L. con tres distanciamiento de siembra
Fecha
2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La presente investigación se realizó en la Granja Experimental Vainillo
de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad de Guayaquil,
ubicada en el km 48 vía Durán-Tambo, cantón El Triunfo, provincia del
Guayas. Los objetivos fueron: 1) Evaluar agronómicamente tres
variedades de berenjena con tres distanciamientos de siembra en el
cantón El Triunfo. 2) Determinar la mejor variedad de berenjena para el
cantón El Triunfo. 3) Encontrar el mejor distanciamiento de siembra de
acuerdo a las variedades de berenjena. 4) Realizar un análisis económico.
Los factores estudiados fueron, tres variedades de berenjena cuyo listado
se presenta a continuación: California Black Beauty o (Belleza negra),
Redonda morada, Larga morada y tres distancias de siembra 0,90 x 1,00
m; 0,85 x 1,00 m y 0,80 x 1,00 m. la combinación de estos dos factores
con sus respectivos niveles dieron una combinación de nueve
tratamientos, se analizaron cinco variables que fueron analizadas bajo el
diseño de bloques completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones, la
comparación de medias de tratamientos se la efectuó mediante la prueba
de Duncan al 5% de probabilidad.
Se concluyó: a) La variedad Larga morada presentó mayor altura de
planta, mayor altura de carga con un óptimo rendimiento de frutos; b) La
interacción se observó, promedios de altura de planta para los cultivares
Belleza negra y larga morada, con los tres distanciamientos de siembra
(0.90, 0.85 y 0.80 cm x 100 cm); c) Cinco de las nueve interacciones
presentaron promedios de frutos/planta prácticamente iguales, siendo
estas V1-D1, V3-D1, V2-D2, V1-D3 y V2-D3; d) La variedad de
berenjena Larga morada fue la que presento el mayor rendimiento de
peso de frutos por hectárea; e) El análisis marginal del presupuesto
parcial presento una Tasa marginal de Retorno, de 226781 % de pasarse
del tratamiento V2-D1 al V3-D1.
This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm Vainillo of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guayaquil, located at km 48 via Duran Tambo, Vainillo sector Canton El Triunfo, Guayas province. The objectives were to: 1) To evaluate agronomically three varieties of eggplant with three planting distances in Canton El Triunfo. 2) Determine the best variety of eggplant for Canton El Triunfo. 3) Find the best planting distance according to the varieties of eggplant. 4) Perform an economic analysis. The factors studied were three varieties of eggplant whose list is as follows: California Black Beauty or (Black Beauty), Round purple, long purple and three planting distances 0.90 x 1.00 m; 0.85 x 1.00 m and 0.80 x 1.00 m. the combination of these two factors with their respective levels given a combination of nine treatments, five variables were analyzed under the design of a randomized complete block with four replications were analyzed, comparing treatment means is the effected by Duncan test 5% probability. It was concluded that: a) The Long purple variety showed higher plant height and higher loading height and weight of five fruits and fruit yield; b) Interaction average height of high ground for Black Beauty with long purple cultivars and three planting distances (0.90, 0.85 and 0.80 cm x 100 cm) was observed; c) Five of the nine interactions presented average fruit / plant virtually identical, being these V1-D1, V3-D1-D2 V2, V1 and V2-D3-D3; d) The variety of Long eggplant purple was the material that had the highest yield per hectare fruit weight; e) Marginal analysis of the partial budget presented a marginal rate of return of 226781% of treatment passed V2-V3-D1 to D1.
This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm Vainillo of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guayaquil, located at km 48 via Duran Tambo, Vainillo sector Canton El Triunfo, Guayas province. The objectives were to: 1) To evaluate agronomically three varieties of eggplant with three planting distances in Canton El Triunfo. 2) Determine the best variety of eggplant for Canton El Triunfo. 3) Find the best planting distance according to the varieties of eggplant. 4) Perform an economic analysis. The factors studied were three varieties of eggplant whose list is as follows: California Black Beauty or (Black Beauty), Round purple, long purple and three planting distances 0.90 x 1.00 m; 0.85 x 1.00 m and 0.80 x 1.00 m. the combination of these two factors with their respective levels given a combination of nine treatments, five variables were analyzed under the design of a randomized complete block with four replications were analyzed, comparing treatment means is the effected by Duncan test 5% probability. It was concluded that: a) The Long purple variety showed higher plant height and higher loading height and weight of five fruits and fruit yield; b) Interaction average height of high ground for Black Beauty with long purple cultivars and three planting distances (0.90, 0.85 and 0.80 cm x 100 cm) was observed; c) Five of the nine interactions presented average fruit / plant virtually identical, being these V1-D1, V3-D1-D2 V2, V1 and V2-D3-D3; d) The variety of Long eggplant purple was the material that had the highest yield per hectare fruit weight; e) Marginal analysis of the partial budget presented a marginal rate of return of 226781% of treatment passed V2-V3-D1 to D1.
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Palabras clave
BERENJENA, DISTANCIAMIENTO DE SIEMBRA, RENDIMIENTO, PRODUCCION, COMPORTAMIENTO AGRONOMICO, CULTIVO DE BERENJENA