Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de diez variedades de fréjol Phaseolus vulgaris L. en estado tierno
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2016
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La presente investigación se realizó en la Granja Experimental Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad de Guayaquil, ubicada en el km 48 vía Durán- Tambo, recinto Vainillo, Cantón El Triunfo, Provincia del Guayas. Los objetivos fueron: Seleccionar variedades con alto potencial de rendimiento, planta y calidad de semilla, Seleccionar las variedades de fréjol que mejor adaptación tuvieron en la Zona de Vainillo, y realizar un análisis económico. Los factores en estudio fueron 10 variedades de fréjol Phaseolus vulgaris L – Fréjol Común, Calima, Castilla, ñ canario, INIAP 425 o blanco Fanesquero, Concepción, Rojo del valle o INIAP 481, Centenario, y Quimbaya, Se utilizó el Diseño de Bloques completos al azar (DBCA) con tres repeticiones, las variables evaluadas son las siguientes: Días a floración. Altura de planta cm. Altura de carga cm. Rendimiento g/planta. Vainas /planta. Semillas/planta. Semillas/vaina. Peso de 100 semillas (g) rendimiento kg/ha. Los mayores promedios en días a floración fueron Calima con 47.33 y Quimbaya 42.33 días, el menor fue Concepción con 32.67; la mayor altura de planta la tuvo Quimbaya con 59.33 y la menor Calima con 52.33 cm. La mayor altura de carga fue para Caraota con 19.93 y la menor Canario con 12.73 cm. El mayor rendimiento por planta fue Caraota con 223.42 y el menor fue para Canario con 58 g/planta. Quimbaya tuvo el mayor número de vainas por planta con 56.2 y Castilla fue menor con 9.13: el mayor número de semillas por planta y semillas por vaina fue Caraota con 249.8 y 6.2 en su orden; el menor número de semillas por vaina fue la variedad INIAP 425 con 52.87. El mayor peso de 100 semillas fue para la variedad Concepción con 123.33; el mayor rendimiento fue para Quimbaya con 4426 kg/ha. El mayor beneficio neto se obtuvo con Caraota seguido de Quimbaya, cuyas tasas marginal de retorno fueron superiores.
This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guayaquil, located at km 48 via Duran Tambo, enclosure Vainillo, Canton El Triunfo, Guayas Province. The objectives were to: Select varieties with high yield potential, plant and seed quality, select varieties of beans that had better adaptation in the area Vainillo, and an economic analysis. The factors under study were 10 varieties of bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. - Common Fréjol, Calima, Castilla, ñ canary, INIAP 425 or white Fanesquero, Concepción, Red Valley or INIAP 481, Centenario, and Quimbaya, the complete block design was used random (DBCA) with three repetitions, the evaluated variables are: Days to flowering. Plant height cm. Loading height cm. Yield g / plant. Pods / plant. Seeds / plant. Seeds / pod. Weight of 100 seeds (g) yield kg / ha. The highest averages in days to flowering were Calima with 47.33 and 42.33 Quimbaya days, the lowest was 32.67 Concepcion; as the plant height had Quimbaya with 59.33 and 52.33 cm lower Calima with. Most loading height was to Caraota with 19.93 and the lowest Canario with 12.73 cm. The highest yield per plant was Caraota with 223.42 and the lowest was for Canario 58 g / plant. Quimbaya had the highest number of pods per plant with 56.2 and Castilla was lower with 9.13: the highest number of seeds per plant and seeds per pod was Caraota with 249.8 and 6.2 in your order; the lowest number of seeds per pod was the INIAP 425 variety with 52.87. The greatest weight of 100 seeds was for the Design variety with 123.33; the best performance was for Quimbaya with 4426 kg / ha. The highest net profit was obtained with Caraota followed by Quimbaya, whose marginal rates of return were higher.
This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guayaquil, located at km 48 via Duran Tambo, enclosure Vainillo, Canton El Triunfo, Guayas Province. The objectives were to: Select varieties with high yield potential, plant and seed quality, select varieties of beans that had better adaptation in the area Vainillo, and an economic analysis. The factors under study were 10 varieties of bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. - Common Fréjol, Calima, Castilla, ñ canary, INIAP 425 or white Fanesquero, Concepción, Red Valley or INIAP 481, Centenario, and Quimbaya, the complete block design was used random (DBCA) with three repetitions, the evaluated variables are: Days to flowering. Plant height cm. Loading height cm. Yield g / plant. Pods / plant. Seeds / plant. Seeds / pod. Weight of 100 seeds (g) yield kg / ha. The highest averages in days to flowering were Calima with 47.33 and 42.33 Quimbaya days, the lowest was 32.67 Concepcion; as the plant height had Quimbaya with 59.33 and 52.33 cm lower Calima with. Most loading height was to Caraota with 19.93 and the lowest Canario with 12.73 cm. The highest yield per plant was Caraota with 223.42 and the lowest was for Canario 58 g / plant. Quimbaya had the highest number of pods per plant with 56.2 and Castilla was lower with 9.13: the highest number of seeds per plant and seeds per pod was Caraota with 249.8 and 6.2 in your order; the lowest number of seeds per pod was the INIAP 425 variety with 52.87. The greatest weight of 100 seeds was for the Design variety with 123.33; the best performance was for Quimbaya with 4426 kg / ha. The highest net profit was obtained with Caraota followed by Quimbaya, whose marginal rates of return were higher.
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FREJOL, COMPORTAMIENTO AGRONOMICO, ESTADO, FREJOL TIERNO, PUDRICION