Estudio comparativo de tres técnicas utilizadas para la desobturación de conductos radiculares en retratamientos endodónticos
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2016-08-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología. Escuela de Postgrado "Dr. José Apolo Pineda"
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La desobturación de los conductos radiculares es la principal etapa del retratamiento dental, ya que se procede al retiro del material de obturación por lo general gutapercha y cemento que por alguna razón no está cumpliendo su función, que es el sellado tridimensional del conducto. Se procede a la corrección y reconformación de los errores en el que se haya incurrido para proceder a la nueva obturación. El presente estudio comparativo in vitro tiene como objetivo analizar, comparar y evaluar qué técnica es la más eficaz en la eliminación del material de obturación y el tiempo que se emplea. Para esto se utilizaron 30 piezas dentarias entre birradiculares y unirradiculares, a las cuales se les procedió a realizar el tratamiento de conducto, separándolas en tres grupos. Se controló con radiografías periapicales la obturación de los conductos radiculares, posteriormente se procedió a la desobturación del primer grupo 10 piezas dentarias con técnica rotatoria (sistema rotatorio Protaper Universal), segundo grupo 10 piezas dentarias con técnica mixta (química- manual) y el tercer grupo 10 piezas dentarias con técnica combinada (mecánica-química-manual). Se tomó el tiempo desde que se inicia la instrumentación de la desobturación hasta que no salga detritus de material, realizando el control radiográfico periapical de la desobturación. Se efectuó cortes en sentido transversal del segmento cervical, medio y apical de la raíz del diente, estos cortes se someten a observación con ayuda de negatoscopio y magnificación para determinar la presencia o no de material residual. Se determinó que la técnica combinada ofrece mejores resultados en la desobturación de piezas birradiculares. En piezas unirradiculares las tres técnicas empleadas lograron buenos resultados. En cuanto al tiempo empleado la técnica rotatoria mostró los mejores resultados en la desobturación de piezas unirradiculares rectas, más no en piezas birradiculares, en la cual la técnica combinada fue la que presentó el mejor tiempo
The desobturation root canal becomes the main stage of dental retreat, as we proceed to the removal of the sealing material (usually gutta percha and cement) which for some reason is not fulfilling its function, which is the three-dimensional sealing conduit. We proceed to the correction and reshaping the errors in which incurred , to proceed with the new seal. This comparative in vitro study aims to analyze, compare and evaluate which technique is most effective in remove the sealing material and the time spent. For this it was used 30 teeth including birooted and single-rooted to which were proceeded to perform root canal treatment they were used. Was controlled with periapical radiographs obturation of root canals, then proceed to the unsealing 10 teeth with combined technique (mechanical and chemical), 10 with mechanized technique ( system Protaper universal) and 10 with mixed technique (chemical-hand). It took time since the implementation of the unsealing start until no material detritus, making the periapical radiographic control. Then we make cuts in sagittal direction along the axis of the tooth. These cuts are under observation with the help of light box and magnification to determine the presence or absence of residual material.It was determined that the combined technique offer better results in the unblocking of birooted pieces. In single-rooted pieces the three applied techniques got good results. In the time used the rotatory technique showed the best results in the unblocking of unirradicular straight pieces, but not as in birooted pieces, in which the combined technique was what had the best time.
The desobturation root canal becomes the main stage of dental retreat, as we proceed to the removal of the sealing material (usually gutta percha and cement) which for some reason is not fulfilling its function, which is the three-dimensional sealing conduit. We proceed to the correction and reshaping the errors in which incurred , to proceed with the new seal. This comparative in vitro study aims to analyze, compare and evaluate which technique is most effective in remove the sealing material and the time spent. For this it was used 30 teeth including birooted and single-rooted to which were proceeded to perform root canal treatment they were used. Was controlled with periapical radiographs obturation of root canals, then proceed to the unsealing 10 teeth with combined technique (mechanical and chemical), 10 with mechanized technique ( system Protaper universal) and 10 with mixed technique (chemical-hand). It took time since the implementation of the unsealing start until no material detritus, making the periapical radiographic control. Then we make cuts in sagittal direction along the axis of the tooth. These cuts are under observation with the help of light box and magnification to determine the presence or absence of residual material.It was determined that the combined technique offer better results in the unblocking of birooted pieces. In single-rooted pieces the three applied techniques got good results. In the time used the rotatory technique showed the best results in the unblocking of unirradicular straight pieces, but not as in birooted pieces, in which the combined technique was what had the best time.
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TRATAMIENTO ENDODONTICO, OBTURACION DEL CONDUCTO RADICULAR, FRACASO ENDODONTICO