Resiliencia y apoyo social como factores protectores de la salud en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas del centro de salud san jacinto de buena fe.
Fecha
2016-11
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
La enfermedad crónica es considerada como un trastorno orgánico funcional, es persistente en el tiempo, sin un principio, curso o fin definibles. En el Centro de Salud “San Jacinto de Buena Fe “ubicado en la Provincia de Los Ríos, se han conformado Clubes donde se agrupan adultos con enfermedades crónicas como Hipertensión Arterial, Cardiopatía Isquémica y Diabetes Mellitus. Se identificaron brechas en el tratamiento psicológico relacionadas a características individuales del proceso de adaptación a la enfermedad las cuales no permitían que el programa surtiera efecto en un periodo de tiempo adecuado. Se propuso un rediseño de las acciones de atención Psicosocial mirando al sujeto desde sus potencialidades. El objetivo general fue caracterizar la resiliencia y el apoyo social como factores protectores de la salud, explorando variables demográficas y de la historia de la enfermedad, describiendo el comportamiento de la resiliencia y valorando el apoyo social percibido. El diseño fue descriptivo transversal, la población de estudio fueron los 17 pacientes participantes del club de enfermedades crónicas. Se les aplicó a los sujetos una entrevista estructurada, la escala de Resiliencia (Connor Davidson, 2003) y el cuestionario MOS (Sherbourne, C.D. y Stewart, A.L., 1991) de apoyo social percibido. Predominó en el grupo el sexo masculino, la educación básica, divorciados y con empleo. El nivel general de resiliencia fue bajo y las dimensiones de más alto puntaje fueron la aceptación positiva al cambio, competencia personal y tenacidad e influencias espirituales. El índice global máximo de apoyo social resultó ser medio y las dimensiones más destacadas fueron el apoyo emocional y la ayuda material o instrumental.
Chronic disease is considered as a functional organic disorder is persistent over time, without a beginning, course or definable end. In the Health Center "San Jacinto de Buena Fe" located in the province of Los Rios, clubs have been formed where adults are grouped with chronic diseases such as Hypertension, Coronary Heart Disease and Diabetes Mellitus. gaps in the psychological treatment related to individual characteristics of the adaptation process to the disease which did not allow the program to take effect in a suitable time period were identified. A redesign of psychosocial care actions looking at the subject from its potential was proposed. The overall objective was to characterize resilience and social support as protective factors of health, demographic and exploring the history of the disease variables describing the behavior of assessing resilience and perceived social support. The design was cross-sectional descriptive study whose population of 17 participants were patients of chronic diseases club. It was applied to a structured interview subjects, Resilience Scale (Connor Davidson, 2003) and MOS Social Support perceived (Sherbourne, C.D. y Stewart, A.L., 1991). It predominated in the male gender, basic education, divorced and employment. The overall level of resilience was low and dimensions highest score were positive acceptance to change, competence and tenacity and spiritual influences. The maximum overall index of social support proved to be average and the most important dimensions were emotional support and material aid or Instrumental.
Chronic disease is considered as a functional organic disorder is persistent over time, without a beginning, course or definable end. In the Health Center "San Jacinto de Buena Fe" located in the province of Los Rios, clubs have been formed where adults are grouped with chronic diseases such as Hypertension, Coronary Heart Disease and Diabetes Mellitus. gaps in the psychological treatment related to individual characteristics of the adaptation process to the disease which did not allow the program to take effect in a suitable time period were identified. A redesign of psychosocial care actions looking at the subject from its potential was proposed. The overall objective was to characterize resilience and social support as protective factors of health, demographic and exploring the history of the disease variables describing the behavior of assessing resilience and perceived social support. The design was cross-sectional descriptive study whose population of 17 participants were patients of chronic diseases club. It was applied to a structured interview subjects, Resilience Scale (Connor Davidson, 2003) and MOS Social Support perceived (Sherbourne, C.D. y Stewart, A.L., 1991). It predominated in the male gender, basic education, divorced and employment. The overall level of resilience was low and dimensions highest score were positive acceptance to change, competence and tenacity and spiritual influences. The maximum overall index of social support proved to be average and the most important dimensions were emotional support and material aid or Instrumental.
Descripción
Pdf
Palabras clave
Resiliencia, Apoyo Social, Factores Protectores, Enfermedades Crónicas