Análisis del efecto de las reglamentaciones técnicas ecuatorianas relacionada a eficiencia energética en las importaciones de refrigeradores de Colombia en el período 2014-2015
Fecha
2016-11-11
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
Resumen
En la presente tesis se realizará un diagnóstico acerca del efecto de reglamentaciones
técnicas ecuatorianas sobre las importaciones de Ecuador que han limitado el ingreso al
mercado nacional de productos no eficientes y no seguros. Anteriormente, debido a la
falta de control de fronteras, era muy usual que los negocios se realizaran en base a los
costos en origen de los productos ofertados por fabricantes que no garantizaban sistemas
de gestión de calidad en sus procesos de producción y productos que al ser introducidos
en el mercado ecuatoriano no daban garantía de respaldar la satisfacción del consumidor
una vez efectuada la compra del electrodoméstico.
Empresas locales que han invertido en el desarrollo de producción nacional de
refrigeradores tales como Indurama y grandes marcas de fabricantes como Whirlpool,
Samsung, LG que son referentes en calidad, se vieron afectadas por el ingreso de
productos de bajo costo y baja calidad, lo que requirió una oportuna intervención del
Gobierno ecuatoriano por medio de reglamentaciones técnicas de seguridad y eficiencia
energética que se orientaban a exigir productos de mejor calidad, soportados con
ensayos de laboratorio y certificaciones de empresas internacionales que eran
verificables y que debían ser renovadas focalizando los sistemas de gestión de calidad de
las fábricas de los productores nacionales e internacionales.
El objetivo del presente trabajo de titulación especial, es demostrar la afectación del
mercado nacional de refrigeradoras que se reflejó en un desabastecimiento inicial,
puesto que los productos debían ser certificados y ensayos en laboratorios en otros
países lo que determinó una reducción del portafolio de los fabricantes de refrigeradoras.
Esto implicó un incremento de costos de los productos para validar el cumplimiento de
las normas ecuatorianas. La inversión del gobierno se focalizó en las energías renovables
2
y en las cocinas de inducción lo que no brindó el incentivo a los productores locales para
tomar el mercado nacional.
En el corto plazo, la industria colombiana que se encontraba preparada y lista para
exportar sus productos, logró introducir refrigeradoras que anteriormente no se vendían
en el país y cuya innovación permitía reducción en costos de fabricación que justificaban
la inversión en el proceso de certificación para Ecuador y ser competitivos en el
mercado nacional.
In this thesis a diagnosis will be made about the effect of regulations On Ecuadorian imports that have limited National market for non-efficient and non-secure products. Previously, due to the Lack of border control, it was very common for business to be conducted on the basis of Costs of products offered by manufacturers that did not guarantee Of quality management in their production processes and products that when introduced In the Ecuadorian market gave no guarantee of supporting consumer satisfaction Once the purchase of the appliance has been made. Local companies that have invested in the development of national production of Refrigerators such as Indurama and major brands from manufacturers like Whirlpool, Samsung, LG that are referents in quality, were affected by the income of Low-cost and low-quality products, which required timely intervention by the Ecuadorian government by means of technical regulations of security and efficiency Aimed at demanding better quality products, supported Laboratory tests and certifications of international companies that were Verifiable and should be renewed by focusing on the quality management systems of The factories of domestic and international producers. The objective of the present work of special titling is to demonstrate the affectation of the Domestic market of refrigerators that was reflected in an initial shortage, Since the products had to be certified and laboratory tests in other Which led to a reduction in the portfolio of refrigerator manufacturers. This implied an increase of costs of the products to validate the fulfillment of The Ecuadorian norms. Government investment focused on renewable energies 2 And in the induction cookers, which did not give the incentive to the local producers to Take the domestic market. In the short term, the Colombian industry that was prepared and ready to Exporting its products, managed to introduce refrigerators that were not previously sold In the country and whose innovation allowed a reduction in manufacturing costs that justified Investment in the certification process for Ecuador and to be competitive in the National market.
In this thesis a diagnosis will be made about the effect of regulations On Ecuadorian imports that have limited National market for non-efficient and non-secure products. Previously, due to the Lack of border control, it was very common for business to be conducted on the basis of Costs of products offered by manufacturers that did not guarantee Of quality management in their production processes and products that when introduced In the Ecuadorian market gave no guarantee of supporting consumer satisfaction Once the purchase of the appliance has been made. Local companies that have invested in the development of national production of Refrigerators such as Indurama and major brands from manufacturers like Whirlpool, Samsung, LG that are referents in quality, were affected by the income of Low-cost and low-quality products, which required timely intervention by the Ecuadorian government by means of technical regulations of security and efficiency Aimed at demanding better quality products, supported Laboratory tests and certifications of international companies that were Verifiable and should be renewed by focusing on the quality management systems of The factories of domestic and international producers. The objective of the present work of special titling is to demonstrate the affectation of the Domestic market of refrigerators that was reflected in an initial shortage, Since the products had to be certified and laboratory tests in other Which led to a reduction in the portfolio of refrigerator manufacturers. This implied an increase of costs of the products to validate the fulfillment of The Ecuadorian norms. Government investment focused on renewable energies 2 And in the induction cookers, which did not give the incentive to the local producers to Take the domestic market. In the short term, the Colombian industry that was prepared and ready to Exporting its products, managed to introduce refrigerators that were not previously sold In the country and whose innovation allowed a reduction in manufacturing costs that justified Investment in the certification process for Ecuador and to be competitive in the National market.
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Comercio exterior
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IMPORTACIONES, PRODUCCIÓN, ARANCELES, GLOBALIZACIÓN