Control del manchado grano en el cultivo de arroz Oriza sativa L. con la aplicación fungicidas orgánicos e inorgánicos
Fecha
2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente trabajo de titulación: control del manchado de grano en el cultivo de arroz
(Oryza sativa L.) con la aplicación de fungicidas orgánicos e inorgánicos se realizó en
la época seca de 2016, en los predios del Sr. John David Alvear, ubicado en el recinto
Cascajal del cantón Naranjal, provincia del Guayas. Cuyos objetivos fueron: 1) Evaluar
la efectividad de la aplicación de fungicidas orgánicos e inorgánicos basados en el
rendimiento y la calidad de la semilla; 2) determinar el mejor tratamiento en estudio; 3)
efectuar un análisis beneficio-costo comparativo de los tratamientos en estudios.
Los factores estudiados fueron la aplicación de fungicidas en tres estados fenológicos
de la planta de arroz (máximo macollamiento, máximo embuchamiento e inicio de la
floración).
Se efectuó un diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA), con cuatro
repeticiones y seis tratamientos. Para la comparación de medias fue utilizada la
prueba Tukey con 5 % de probabilidad.
Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: para el porcentaje de granos sanos se obtuvo
mayor porcentaje en el tratamiento T1 con 99,26% y el tratamiento T6 el de menor
porcentaje con 95,97%; para el porcentaje de granos vanos el que alcanzo el menor
porcentaje fue el tratamiento T5 y tratamiento T1 con un 0,33% apreciando que el de
mayor porcentaje de granos vanos fue el tratamiento T6 con un 0,74%; para el
porcentaje de granos manchados el mejor control se presentó en el tratamiento T1 con
un 0,41% mientras que el tratamiento T6 alcanzo un total de 3,29%.
Para las medias de peso de granos sanos pudimos observar que no existe diferencia
significativa entre tratamientos; en el peso de granos vanos observamos que el mayor
peso se presentó en el tratamiento T6 con un total de 46,51 kg/ha y el de menos
porcentaje el tratamiento T1 con 23,2 6kg/ha; en cuanto al peso de granos manchados
se observó que el tratamiento T6 alcanzo el mayor peso con 209,3 kg/ha y el de menor
peso el tratamiento T1 con 29,07 kg/ha; en la variable rendimiento kg/ha se observó
que el mayor rendimiento se alcanzó en el tratamiento T2 con 8622,09 kg/ha seguido
por el tratamiento T4 con 8270,35 kg/ha y el menor rendimiento el tratamiento T6 con
6433,14 kg/ha.
Thepresent research work: Grain Staining Control in rice cultivation (oryza sativa L.) with the application of organic and inorganic fungicides was carried out in the dry season of 2016, in the premises of Mr. John David Alvear, located in the enclosure Cascajal, Naranjal canton, Guayas province. The objectives were: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of organic and inorganic fungicides based on performance and quality of the seed; 2) to determine the best treatment under study; 3) to perform a comparative benefit-cost analysis of treatments in study. The factors studied were the application of fungicides in three phenological stages of rice cultivation (maximum tillering, maximum stuffing and beginning of flowering). A completely randomized block design (dbca) was performed, with four replications and six treatments. TheTukey test was used for the comparison ofthe means with 5% probability. The following results were obtained: for the percentage of healthy grains, a higher percentage was obtained in the first treatment t1with 99.26% and the t6 treatment had the lowest percentage with 95.97%; for the percentage of empty grains the ones that reached the lowest percentage were the t5 treatment and t1 treatment with a 0.33% appreciating that the one with the highest percentage of empty grains was the t6 treatment with 0.74%; for the percentage of stained grains the best control was presented in the t1 treatment with 0.41% while the t6 treatment reached a total of 3.29%. for the means of healthy grains weightwe could observe that there is no significant difference between the treatments; regarding the weight of grains we observed that the highest weight was presented in the t6 treatment with a total of 46.51 kg / ha and the one with the lowest percentage wasthe t1 treatment with 23.2 6kg / ha; regarding the weight of stained grains, it was observed that the t6 treatment reached the highest weight with 209.3 kg / ha and the lowest weight the t1 treatment with 29.07 kg / ha; in terms of performance variable kg / ha it was observed that the highest yield was achieved by t2 treatment with
Thepresent research work: Grain Staining Control in rice cultivation (oryza sativa L.) with the application of organic and inorganic fungicides was carried out in the dry season of 2016, in the premises of Mr. John David Alvear, located in the enclosure Cascajal, Naranjal canton, Guayas province. The objectives were: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of organic and inorganic fungicides based on performance and quality of the seed; 2) to determine the best treatment under study; 3) to perform a comparative benefit-cost analysis of treatments in study. The factors studied were the application of fungicides in three phenological stages of rice cultivation (maximum tillering, maximum stuffing and beginning of flowering). A completely randomized block design (dbca) was performed, with four replications and six treatments. TheTukey test was used for the comparison ofthe means with 5% probability. The following results were obtained: for the percentage of healthy grains, a higher percentage was obtained in the first treatment t1with 99.26% and the t6 treatment had the lowest percentage with 95.97%; for the percentage of empty grains the ones that reached the lowest percentage were the t5 treatment and t1 treatment with a 0.33% appreciating that the one with the highest percentage of empty grains was the t6 treatment with 0.74%; for the percentage of stained grains the best control was presented in the t1 treatment with 0.41% while the t6 treatment reached a total of 3.29%. for the means of healthy grains weightwe could observe that there is no significant difference between the treatments; regarding the weight of grains we observed that the highest weight was presented in the t6 treatment with a total of 46.51 kg / ha and the one with the lowest percentage wasthe t1 treatment with 23.2 6kg / ha; regarding the weight of stained grains, it was observed that the t6 treatment reached the highest weight with 209.3 kg / ha and the lowest weight the t1 treatment with 29.07 kg / ha; in terms of performance variable kg / ha it was observed that the highest yield was achieved by t2 treatment with
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Palabras clave
ARROZ, FUNGICIDAS ORGANICOS, FUNGICIDAS INORGANICOS