Aplicación de las clasificaciones geomecánicas del RMR (Rock Mass Rating) y el índice Q, en el túnel de carga Pilatón Sarapullo-aguas abajo, entre las abscisas 5+100.00 - 4+600.00. Proyecto hidroeléctrico Toachi Pilatón
Fecha
2015
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El Proyecto Hidroeléctrico Toachi Pilatón se desarrolla en las provincias de Pichincha, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas y Cotopaxi. En la construcción de las obras subterráneas del proyecto se utilizó la clasificación geomecánica de Bieniawski (RMR) para la valoración de calidad de los macizos rocosos que sirve para definir el tipo de soporte. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue determinar las características geológicas – geotécnicas del Túnel de Carga Pilatón Sarapullo entre las abscisas 5+100.00 – 4+600.00 mediante la utilización de la clasificación geomecánica RMR, que con la cual se obtuvo un índice de calidad de macizo rocoso y se recomendó el tipo de sostenimiento que lleva el tramo investigado del túnel, adicional se utilizó la clasificación del Índice Q para tener un criterio cuantitativo del macizo rocoso. Sistemáticamente se realizó levantamientos de las estructuras geológicas principales a medida como iba avanzando la excavación del túnel. La litología que se observó a lo largo del tramo 5+100.00 – 4+600.00 corresponde a 82.90% a roca andesita de la formación Macuchi y 17.10% a roca granodiorita. La resistencia a la compresión simple y el grado de fracturamiento del macizo rocoso es media, la presencia de agua subterránea es húmeda especialmente donde la roca presento condiciones geológicas regulares y goteo en roca mala. La obtención del índice de calidad de las dos clasificaciones fue de 24 a 79 que represento una clase de macizo rocoso de malo a bueno para la clasificación RMR y 0.085 a 10.048 que represento una clase de macizo rocoso de muy mala a buena para la clasificación del Índice Q. La correlación entre las dos
clasificaciones fue la siguiente: roca buena clase II en RMR y roca regular clase III en Índice Q, su correlación es una roca de buena calidad; roca regular clase IIIA en RMR y roca mala clase IV en Índice Q, su correlación es una roca de calidad intermedia entre regular y mala, se eligió la de menor calidad, mala;
roca regular clase IIIB en RMR y roca mala clase IV en Índice Q, su correlación es una roca de calidad intermedia entre regular y mala, se eligió la de menor calidad, mala; roca mala clase IV en RMR y roca muy mala clase V en Índice Q, su correlación es una roca de calidad intermedia entre regular y muy mala,
se eligió la de menor calidad, muy mala. Mediante análisis estadístico de las estructuras geológicas levantadas durante la construcción del túnel y representándolas gráficamente con el software Dips
v 5.1 se llegó a la conclusión que existen 3 familias de discontinuidades, 5 familias secundarias y 4 familias aleatorias.
The Hydroelectric Project Toachi Pilatón develops in the Pichincha, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas and Cotopaxi Provinces. In the construction of the underground works of the project it was used the geomechanical classification of Bieniawski (RMR) for the quality assessment of the rock mass serving to define the type of support. The objective of this investigation work was to determine the geologicalgeotechnical characteristics of the Load Tunnel Pilatón Sarapullo between the abscissa 5+100.00 – 4+600.00 through the using of the geomechanical classification RMR, with that it was obtained a quality index of rock mass and it was recommended the type of support that carries the section investigated in the tunnel, in addition it was used the classification of the Q Index to have a quantitative criterion of the rock mass. Systematically it has been made raisings of the main geological structures meanwhile the excavation of the tunnel was going forward. The lithology that was observed along the 5+100.00-4+600.00 section corresponds to 82.90% to andesite rock of the Macuchi formation and 17.10% to granodiorite rock. The resistance to the simple compression and the fracturing degree of the rock mass is average, the presence of subterranean water is wet specially where the rock present regular geological conditions and drip in bad rock. The obtaining of the quality index of the two classifications was from 24 to 29 that represented a rock mass class from bad to good to the RMR classification and 0.085 to 10.048 that represented a rock mass from very bad to good for the classification of the Q Index. The correlation between the two classifications was the following one: good rock class II in RMR and regular rock class III in the Q Index, its correlation is a good quality rock; regular rock class IIIA in RMR and bad rock class IV in the Q Index, its correlation is an intermediate quality rock. between regular and bad, it was chosen the lower quality, bad; regular class rock IIIB in RMR and bad rock class IV in the Q Index, its correlation is an intermediate quality rock between regular and bad, it was chosen de lower quality, bad; bad rock class IV in RMR and very bad rock class V in the Q Index, its correlation is an intermediate quality rock between regular and very bad, it was chosen the lower quality, very bad. By a statistical analysis of the geological structures built during the construction of the tunnel and representing them graphically with the Dips v 5.1 software it is concluded that exist 3 discontinuities families, 5 secondary families and 4 random families.
The Hydroelectric Project Toachi Pilatón develops in the Pichincha, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas and Cotopaxi Provinces. In the construction of the underground works of the project it was used the geomechanical classification of Bieniawski (RMR) for the quality assessment of the rock mass serving to define the type of support. The objective of this investigation work was to determine the geologicalgeotechnical characteristics of the Load Tunnel Pilatón Sarapullo between the abscissa 5+100.00 – 4+600.00 through the using of the geomechanical classification RMR, with that it was obtained a quality index of rock mass and it was recommended the type of support that carries the section investigated in the tunnel, in addition it was used the classification of the Q Index to have a quantitative criterion of the rock mass. Systematically it has been made raisings of the main geological structures meanwhile the excavation of the tunnel was going forward. The lithology that was observed along the 5+100.00-4+600.00 section corresponds to 82.90% to andesite rock of the Macuchi formation and 17.10% to granodiorite rock. The resistance to the simple compression and the fracturing degree of the rock mass is average, the presence of subterranean water is wet specially where the rock present regular geological conditions and drip in bad rock. The obtaining of the quality index of the two classifications was from 24 to 29 that represented a rock mass class from bad to good to the RMR classification and 0.085 to 10.048 that represented a rock mass from very bad to good for the classification of the Q Index. The correlation between the two classifications was the following one: good rock class II in RMR and regular rock class III in the Q Index, its correlation is a good quality rock; regular rock class IIIA in RMR and bad rock class IV in the Q Index, its correlation is an intermediate quality rock. between regular and bad, it was chosen the lower quality, bad; regular class rock IIIB in RMR and bad rock class IV in the Q Index, its correlation is an intermediate quality rock between regular and bad, it was chosen de lower quality, bad; bad rock class IV in RMR and very bad rock class V in the Q Index, its correlation is an intermediate quality rock between regular and very bad, it was chosen the lower quality, very bad. By a statistical analysis of the geological structures built during the construction of the tunnel and representing them graphically with the Dips v 5.1 software it is concluded that exist 3 discontinuities families, 5 secondary families and 4 random families.