Técnica quirúrgica para terceros molares retenidos en posición anómala en pacientes de 22 años.
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2016-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La cirugía de los terceros molares (cordales o muelas del juicio), es quizás el procedimiento quirúrgico más frecuente que se realiza en la práctica de la cirugía oral. Ellos deben salir o hacer erupción desde sus encías hasta finales de la adolescencia o primeros veinte años, si es que hacen una erupción completa. Muy a menudo, son impactados o atrapados en la mandíbula y las encías, esto sucede usualmente porque no hay suficiente espacio para ellos en su boca. Los terceros molares presentan una alta incidencia de inclusión y han sido asociados con la aparición de patología muy diversa como la pericoronaritis, la caries en la cara distal del segundo molar o en el propio tercer molar, ciertos tipos de quistes y tumores odontogénicos y el apiñamiento dentario primario o secundario. Hasta el momento no hay ninguna forma que permita predecir si tendrá lugar la erupción o la retención de un tercer molar; por tanto la extracción de esta pieza ha sido indicada como una terapéutica beneficiosa para el paciente, ya que evitará la aparición de complicaciones de naturaleza quística o infecciosa. La extracción de los terceros molares no debe ser considerada como una terapéutica rutinaria sin hacer antes una evaluación cuidadosa de las indicaciones reales. El diseño de la incisión es esencial para la exodoncia de un tercer molar inferior retenido, en este caso clínico se mostró la exodoncia de un tercer molar aplicar la incisión lineal y colgajo envolvente la cual nos dio una buena visión del tercer molar retenido y se podría aplicar todas las maniobras necesarias para su exodoncia.
El objetivo de esta investigación se basa en determinar la técnica quirúrgica en terceros molares retenidos en posición anómala en un paciente de 22 años, para poder evitar complicaciones infecciosas.
De esta manera se concluye que el periodo de erupción normal de los cordales es entre los 14 y los 24 años, por lo que mediante las radiografías se puede saber su posición, y así realizarse el tratamiento antes de que causen problemas.
Si el tercer molar erupciona parcialmente por la encía, las bacterias se alojarán debajo de la encía alrededor de la corona. Y como esa es una área casi imposible de poder limpiar comenzará a formarse una infección por lo cual será necesario realizar la extracción para evitar que la infección se disemine en el hueso.
Es fundamental el tratamiento oportuno y agresivo para detener la diseminación de una infección hacia diferentes zonas anatómicas.
Por medio de una buena técnica para la exodoncia de terceros molares nuestro trabajo resultara sencillo y el paciente se sentirá satisfecho con nuestra labor. La comunicación efectiva interdisciplinaria entre los profesionales involucrados evita complicaciones de tipo médico-legales y secuelas definitivas al paciente.
Surgery third molars (wisdom teeth or wisdom teeth), is perhaps the most common surgical procedure performed in the practice of oral surgery. They must leave or erupt from his gums until late teens or early twenties, if they make a full eruption. Very often, they are impacted or caught in the jaw and gums, usually because there is not enough space for them in their mouth. The third molars have a high incidence of inclusion and have been associated with the onset of pathology diverse as pericoronitis, caries in the distal aspect of the second molar or your own third molar, certain types of odontogenic cysts and tumors and Crowding primary or secondary tooth. So far there is no way to predict if there will be the eruption or retention of a third molar; therefore the extraction of this piece has been indicated as a beneficial therapeutic for the patient, as it will prevent the occurrence of complications of cystic or infectious nature. The extraction of third molars should not be regarded as a routine therapy without first carefully assessing the actual indications. The incision design is essential for the extraction of lower third molar retained in this case clinical dental extraction of a third molar showed apply the linear incision and envelope flap which gave us a good view of the third retained molar and could apply all maneuvers necessary for their extraction. The objective of this research is based on determining the surgical technique in third molars in anomalous position in a patient of 22 years in order to prevent infectious complications. Thus we conclude that the period of normal eruption of wisdom teeth is between 14 and 24 years, so by radiographs can know its position, and thus the treatment done before they cause problems. If the third molar erupt partially through the gum, the bacteria will stay below the gum around the crown. And as this is an almost impossible area to clean will begin to form infection which extraction will be necessary to prevent the infection from spreading to the bone. timely and aggressive to stop the spread of infection to different anatomical areas treatment is essential. Through a good technique for the removal of third molars our work be easy and the patient will be satisfied with our work. The interdisciplinary effective communication among professionals involved avoids complications of medical-legal type and final patient sequelae
Surgery third molars (wisdom teeth or wisdom teeth), is perhaps the most common surgical procedure performed in the practice of oral surgery. They must leave or erupt from his gums until late teens or early twenties, if they make a full eruption. Very often, they are impacted or caught in the jaw and gums, usually because there is not enough space for them in their mouth. The third molars have a high incidence of inclusion and have been associated with the onset of pathology diverse as pericoronitis, caries in the distal aspect of the second molar or your own third molar, certain types of odontogenic cysts and tumors and Crowding primary or secondary tooth. So far there is no way to predict if there will be the eruption or retention of a third molar; therefore the extraction of this piece has been indicated as a beneficial therapeutic for the patient, as it will prevent the occurrence of complications of cystic or infectious nature. The extraction of third molars should not be regarded as a routine therapy without first carefully assessing the actual indications. The incision design is essential for the extraction of lower third molar retained in this case clinical dental extraction of a third molar showed apply the linear incision and envelope flap which gave us a good view of the third retained molar and could apply all maneuvers necessary for their extraction. The objective of this research is based on determining the surgical technique in third molars in anomalous position in a patient of 22 years in order to prevent infectious complications. Thus we conclude that the period of normal eruption of wisdom teeth is between 14 and 24 years, so by radiographs can know its position, and thus the treatment done before they cause problems. If the third molar erupt partially through the gum, the bacteria will stay below the gum around the crown. And as this is an almost impossible area to clean will begin to form infection which extraction will be necessary to prevent the infection from spreading to the bone. timely and aggressive to stop the spread of infection to different anatomical areas treatment is essential. Through a good technique for the removal of third molars our work be easy and the patient will be satisfied with our work. The interdisciplinary effective communication among professionals involved avoids complications of medical-legal type and final patient sequelae
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EXOSTOSIS, TERCER MOLAR, EXTRACCION DENTAL