Determinar la prevalencia de caries en niños con síndrome de Down y autismo de la Fundación ASENIR.
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2015-06
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
Por medio del diagnóstico realizado en la Fundación Asenir, tenemos
como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de caries en niños con
síndrome de Down y autismo, Los niños con síndrome de Down y
autismo son niños que poseen características especiales, por sus
trastornos físicos, psicológicos y de comportamiento, se han
realizado muchos estudios sobre la prevalencia de caries en estos
niños y muchos autores han determinado que esta patología se da
por diferentes factores como la dieta por el excesivo consumo de
azucares, la medicación por el consumo de fármacos debido a las
diferentes patologías físicas y orales que presentan, etc. Por lo tanto,
por su alta prevalencia e incidencia de caries se lo considera como
un grupo de riesgo con grandes necesidades de cuidados bucales
preventivos, debido a la disparidad que estos niños poseen, ya que
no pueden generalmente valerse por ellos mismos, sino dependen
del cuidado de un tutor o de sus padres. Métodos descriptivos y
bibliográficos de diseño no experimental. Es muy importante que los
padres o tutores tengan el conocimiento de cómo realizar un buen
cepillado dental de estos niños para así prevenir la formación de
caries. En la atención odontológica es muy importante conocer las
patologías bucales que presentan estos niños, para poder
determinar un protocolo de atención, y además se requiere conocer
el grado de alteración física, mental y psicológica del niño, para
poder brindarle un ambiente seguro y confiable para el niño
discapacitado, así evitando los temores y la ansiedad que produzcan
que el niño no colabore al tratamiento odontológico, si el grado de
discapacidad del niño es alta, se deben tomar medidas preventivas
como la sedación o la utilización de camillas especiales. En
conclusión todos los niños examinados de la Fundación Asenir
tenían presencia de caries primaria siendo mayor su prevalencia en
niños con autismo que en niños con síndrome de Down.
Through the assessment carried out in the Asenir Foundation, we have aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries in children with Down syndrome and autism, children with Down syndrome and autism are children who possess special characteristics, by its physical, psychological disorders and behavior, there have been many studies on the prevalence of caries in children and many authors have determined that this pathology is given by different factors like diet by excessive consumption of sugars, the medication by the consumption of drugs because of different physical and oral diseases that present, etc. Therefore, by its high prevalence and incidence of tooth decay it's considered as a risk group with large needs of preventive oral care, due to the disparity that these children have, since not can usually fend for themselves, but rely on the care of a guardian or parent. Methods descriptive and bibliographical, of non-experimental design. It is very important that parents or guardians have the knowledge of how to perform a good toothbrushing for these children to prevent the formation of caries. Dental care is very important to know the diseases mouth that these children, presented in order to determine a protocol of care, and is also required to know the degree of deterioration of physical, mental and psychological of the child, in order to provide a safe and reliable environment for the disabled child, thus avoiding the fears and anxiety that produce the child not collaborate to dental treatment , if the degree of the child's disability is high, take preventive measures such as sedation and the use of special stretchers. In conclusion the examined children of the Asenir Foundation had the presence of primary cavities with a higher prevalence in children with autism than in children with Down syndrome.
Through the assessment carried out in the Asenir Foundation, we have aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries in children with Down syndrome and autism, children with Down syndrome and autism are children who possess special characteristics, by its physical, psychological disorders and behavior, there have been many studies on the prevalence of caries in children and many authors have determined that this pathology is given by different factors like diet by excessive consumption of sugars, the medication by the consumption of drugs because of different physical and oral diseases that present, etc. Therefore, by its high prevalence and incidence of tooth decay it's considered as a risk group with large needs of preventive oral care, due to the disparity that these children have, since not can usually fend for themselves, but rely on the care of a guardian or parent. Methods descriptive and bibliographical, of non-experimental design. It is very important that parents or guardians have the knowledge of how to perform a good toothbrushing for these children to prevent the formation of caries. Dental care is very important to know the diseases mouth that these children, presented in order to determine a protocol of care, and is also required to know the degree of deterioration of physical, mental and psychological of the child, in order to provide a safe and reliable environment for the disabled child, thus avoiding the fears and anxiety that produce the child not collaborate to dental treatment , if the degree of the child's disability is high, take preventive measures such as sedation and the use of special stretchers. In conclusion the examined children of the Asenir Foundation had the presence of primary cavities with a higher prevalence in children with autism than in children with Down syndrome.
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CARIES DENTALES, SINDROME DE DOWN, AUTISMO