Estudio químico - biológico de las hojas de Conyza bonariensis de origen ecuatoriano
Fecha
2016
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
Conyza bonariensis es una especie considerada como “maleza”, resistente a varios herbicidas comerciales. Sus estudios se enfocan en estrategias de manejo para su control y erradicación. Con el fin de otorgar una alternativa beneficiosa en la disminución de esta especie, esta investigación tiene como objetivo realizar el estudio químico-biológico de hojas de Conyza bonariensis que crece en Ecuador. Para su desarrollo, se obtuvo un extracto crudo metanólico por maceración de las hojas, cuya separación líquido-líquido permitió la obtención de fracciones en hexano, cloroformo, acetato de etilo y agua. Se determinó cuantitativamente los compuestos fenólicos del extracto y fracciones por el método de Folin-Ciocalteu (FC), obteniendo el mayor rendimiento en el extracto metanolico 14.40 ± 0.27 mg EAG /g y la fracción acuosa 12.78 ± 0.20 mg EAG/g. Sobre los mismos extractos se determinó la capacidad antioxidante usando 2,2- difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH), obteniendo mayor actividad en la fracción acuosa
11.07 ± 0.08 CI50 (µg/ml), destacando el potencial antioxidante en la especie. En la evaluación antibacteriana, la especie Burkholderia glumae, mostró resistencia a todos los tratamientos utilizados y a uno de los controles positivos. Se analizó la composición química del extracto y fracción de C. bonariensis por cromatografía gaseosa acoplada a espectrometría de masas, y se evidenció la presencia de ácidos grasos y una lactona acetilénica como los componentes mayoritarios en el extracto metanólico; y, en la fracción acuosa, la presencia de un posible alcaloide como compuesto mayoritario. Algunos de los compuestos presentes en las hojas de C. bonariensis reportan propiedad antifúngica, antibacteriana, antioxidante, antitumoral, anticancerígena e inhibidor de placa amiloide (Alzheimer). Esto evidencia las bondades farmacológicas de la especie, las cuales no están siendo aprovechadas
Conyza bonariensis is a species considered as "weeds", which is resistant to several commercial herbicides. Studies are focused on management strategies for the control and eradication of the plant. In order to provide a beneficial alternative to the decline of this species, this research aims to make chemical- biological study of Conyza bonariensis leaves growing in Ecuador. A crude methanolic extract of the leaves was obtained by maceration. A liquid-liquid separation allowed obtaining fractions from hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water. Phenolic compounds from the extract and fractions were quantitatively determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu Method (FC). Methanol extract and aqueous fraction showed the highest performance with 14.40 ± 0.27 mg EAG/g and 12.78 ± 0.20 mg EAG/g respectively. Antioxidant capacity using 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was determined on the same extracts obtaining higher activity in the aqueous fraction 11.07 ± 0.08 IC50 (µg/ml), highlighting the antioxidant potential in the species. Burkholderia glumae showed resistance to all treatments used and to one of the positive controls in the antibacterial evaluation species. The chemical composition of the extract and fraction of C. bonariensis was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, the presence of fatty acids and acetylenic lactone was found as the main components in the methanol extract; and the presence of a majority compound as possible alkaloid in the aqueous fraction was detected as majority compound. Some of the compounds present in the leaves of C. bonariensis have been reported as antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitumor, anticancer and inhibitor of amyloid plaque (Alzheimer).The results show the pharmacological benefits of the species, which are not being exploited
Conyza bonariensis is a species considered as "weeds", which is resistant to several commercial herbicides. Studies are focused on management strategies for the control and eradication of the plant. In order to provide a beneficial alternative to the decline of this species, this research aims to make chemical- biological study of Conyza bonariensis leaves growing in Ecuador. A crude methanolic extract of the leaves was obtained by maceration. A liquid-liquid separation allowed obtaining fractions from hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water. Phenolic compounds from the extract and fractions were quantitatively determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu Method (FC). Methanol extract and aqueous fraction showed the highest performance with 14.40 ± 0.27 mg EAG/g and 12.78 ± 0.20 mg EAG/g respectively. Antioxidant capacity using 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was determined on the same extracts obtaining higher activity in the aqueous fraction 11.07 ± 0.08 IC50 (µg/ml), highlighting the antioxidant potential in the species. Burkholderia glumae showed resistance to all treatments used and to one of the positive controls in the antibacterial evaluation species. The chemical composition of the extract and fraction of C. bonariensis was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, the presence of fatty acids and acetylenic lactone was found as the main components in the methanol extract; and the presence of a majority compound as possible alkaloid in the aqueous fraction was detected as majority compound. Some of the compounds present in the leaves of C. bonariensis have been reported as antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitumor, anticancer and inhibitor of amyloid plaque (Alzheimer).The results show the pharmacological benefits of the species, which are not being exploited
Descripción
Pdf
Palabras clave
ANTIBACTERIANO, ANTIOXIDANTES, BURKHOLDERIA GLUMAE, CONYZA BONARIENSIS, FENOLES TOTALES