Mordeduras de serpientes, factores de riesgo y complicaciones atendidas en CIATOX- Guayaquil, período 2.014- 2.016
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
El ofidismo está ligado estrechamente a la actividad agrícola, afectando
fundamentalmente a los campesinos, aumentando su incidencia en las épocas de mayor
trabajo en el invierno, facilitado por las pocas medidas de protección y las condiciones
tan precarias de trabajo a las que son expuestos dichos trabajadores. La mayoría de los
estudios reportan más de un 60% de compromiso hacia este grupo laboral por lo que de
cierto modo tiene características de accidente de trabajo. Relacionado con lo antes
mencionado el grupo más afectado son los hombres en edad productiva, y la zona del
cuerpo de mayor incidencia es la parte inferior de los tobillos. Los accidentes más
frecuentes son provocados por los ofidios del género Bothrops y la incidencia de muerte
es proporcional al tiempo de demora en ser atendido, y medidas prehospitalarias como
torniquete, emplastos contaminados. Frente a un paciente que ha sufrido este tipo de
afección es importante que el médico tenga conocimientos elementales que lo ayuden a
tratar de identificar el tipo de reptil que produjo la mordedura, para poder determinar de
inicio si se trata de una serpiente venenosa o no, y si se sospechara que pertenece al grupo
de las venenosas, sería importante el conocer también a que género pertenece, ya que la
conducta a seguir es diferente. Esta identificación suele llevarse a cabo teniendo en cuenta
las características anatómicas del réptil y la clínica del paciente, esta última generalmente
se mantiene constante entre las serpientes venenosas del mismo género.
Ophidism is closely linked to agricultural activity, mainly affecting farmers, increasing their incidence in times of increased work in the fields, facilitated by the few protection measures and as poor working conditions to which they are exposed such workers. Most studies report more than 60% of commitment to this working group so in a way has characteristics of accident. Related to the above the most affected group is men of working age, and the body region with the highest incidence is the bottom of the ankles. The most common accidents are caused by Bothrops snakes and the incidence of death is proportional to the time delay served basis. Faced with a patient who has suffered this type of condition is important that the physician has basic knowledge to help you try to identify the type of reptile that produced the bite, to determine start if it is poisonous or not snake, and if suspected of belonging to the group of poisonous, it is important also to know which gender as the action to take is different. This identification is usually carried out taking into account the anatomical characteristics of réptil and clinical patient, the latter generally remains constant
Ophidism is closely linked to agricultural activity, mainly affecting farmers, increasing their incidence in times of increased work in the fields, facilitated by the few protection measures and as poor working conditions to which they are exposed such workers. Most studies report more than 60% of commitment to this working group so in a way has characteristics of accident. Related to the above the most affected group is men of working age, and the body region with the highest incidence is the bottom of the ankles. The most common accidents are caused by Bothrops snakes and the incidence of death is proportional to the time delay served basis. Faced with a patient who has suffered this type of condition is important that the physician has basic knowledge to help you try to identify the type of reptile that produced the bite, to determine start if it is poisonous or not snake, and if suspected of belonging to the group of poisonous, it is important also to know which gender as the action to take is different. This identification is usually carried out taking into account the anatomical characteristics of réptil and clinical patient, the latter generally remains constant
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MORDEDURAS DE SERPIENTES, PEDIATRIA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, COMPLICACIONES, CENTRO DE INFORMACION Y ASESORAMIENTO TOXICOLOGICO (CIATOX), CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR