Eficiencia masticatoria en pacientes portadores de Prótesis parcial removible
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2015-06
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La masticación es el parte primordial de la digestión donde la comida
se prepara para ser deglutida y luego procesada en el sistema
digestivo. Esta pertenece a un conjunto de fenómenos
estomatognático destinados a fragmentar los alimentos en partículas
pequeñas adecuadas para ser deglutidas. La mayoría de los
pacientes acuden a la consulta odontológica para mejorar la
masticación y los tratamientos dentales deben devolver esa función
y velar que esta se desarrolle en la forma más óptima. La
masticación es una de las funciones más importantes del sistema
estomatognático. Algunos investigadores se dieron cuenta de la
necesidad de crear un método para evaluarla y que permita también
realizar una evaluación objetiva de los tratamientos odontológicos.
En el tratamiento de prótesis removibles parciales, debemos
enfocarnos en el rendimiento y la eficiencia masticatoria que den
como resultado una información objetiva de la función masticatoria.
El objetivo principal es determinar la eficiencia masticatoria de
pacientes parcialmente dentados rehabilitados con prótesis parcial
removible. Métodos: Teórico, inductivo, analítico, bibliográfico y
documental. Conclusión: la eficiencia masticatoria mostrando en sus
respectivas investigaciones una reducción en la potencia
masticatoria de pacientes usuarios de prótesis al ser comparados
con individuos con la dentición natural completa. La causa de esta
reducción se debe a diversos factores, tales como el transporte de
alimento por la lengua y mejillas, disminuido debido a su función de
retener la prótesis. Además, los pacientes portadores de prótesis
presentan una disminución en la fuerza muscular, necesitando de
ejercicios miofuncionales para adecuar la musculatura oral. La
reducción en la habilidad masticatoria del paciente es compensada a
través de la ingestión de alimentos más pastosos y fáciles de
masticar.
Chewing is the primary part of digestion where the food is prepared to be swallowed and then processed in the digestive system. This belongs to a set of phenomena stomatognatic foods intended to fragment under conditions suitable to be swallowed small particles. Most patients come to the dental office to improve chewing and dental treatments must return this function and ensure that it develops in the most optimal way. Chewing is one of the most important functions of the stomatognathic system. Some researchers realized the need to create a method to evaluate and also allows an objective evaluation of dental treatments. In the treatment of partial dentures, we should focus on performance and chewing efficiency that result in objective information of masticatory function. The main objective is to determine the chewing efficiency of partially dentate patients rehabilitated with removable partial denture. Methods: Theoretical, inductive, analytical, bibliographical and documentary. Conclusion: the masticatory efficiency in their respective research showing a reduction in masticatory power denture wearers patients when compared to individuals with complete natural dentition. The reason for this reduction is due to various factors such as the transport of food by tongue and cheeks due to decreased function of retaining the prosthesis. In addition, denture wearers have decreased muscle strength, requiring myofunctional exercises to adapt the oral musculature. The reduction in the chewing ability of the patient is compensated by ingesting more pasty and easy to chew food.
Chewing is the primary part of digestion where the food is prepared to be swallowed and then processed in the digestive system. This belongs to a set of phenomena stomatognatic foods intended to fragment under conditions suitable to be swallowed small particles. Most patients come to the dental office to improve chewing and dental treatments must return this function and ensure that it develops in the most optimal way. Chewing is one of the most important functions of the stomatognathic system. Some researchers realized the need to create a method to evaluate and also allows an objective evaluation of dental treatments. In the treatment of partial dentures, we should focus on performance and chewing efficiency that result in objective information of masticatory function. The main objective is to determine the chewing efficiency of partially dentate patients rehabilitated with removable partial denture. Methods: Theoretical, inductive, analytical, bibliographical and documentary. Conclusion: the masticatory efficiency in their respective research showing a reduction in masticatory power denture wearers patients when compared to individuals with complete natural dentition. The reason for this reduction is due to various factors such as the transport of food by tongue and cheeks due to decreased function of retaining the prosthesis. In addition, denture wearers have decreased muscle strength, requiring myofunctional exercises to adapt the oral musculature. The reduction in the chewing ability of the patient is compensated by ingesting more pasty and easy to chew food.
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PROTESIS DENTAL PARCIAL REMOVIBLE, MASTICACION, ESTETICA DENTAL