Terapéutica antimicrobiana en patologías odontológicas de pacientes con exodoncia
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2016-07-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
Las infecciones odontogénicas son las más prevalentes a nivel mundial y
constituyen el primer motivo de consulta en el consultorio dental, según los reportes
de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, 2007). El tratamiento odontológico
busca disminuir cuantitativa y cualitativamente la población de inóculos en las
infecciones odontogénicas; aunque existen numerosos cuestionamientos respecto
al uso de antibióticos en la práctica odontológica general, encontrando información
que sustenta su indicación empírica, sin considerar parámetros farmacocinéticos ni
farmacodinámicos evaluados en ensayos clínicos (Moreno & Gómez, 2012). Esta
es una de las razones por las que se realiza el presente estudio para identificar los
antibióticos utilizados en la práctica diaria y su eficacia en pacientes que requieren
exodoncia, en la Clínica móvil # 35 del Municipio de Guayaquil ubicada en la 28 y
Argentina. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal retrospectivo no
experimental en base a recolección de datos de los partes diarios, historias clínicas,
recetarios y revisión bibliográfica; se analizaron variables como la terapéutica
antimicrobiana y paciente con exodoncia, además se consideró la edad, sexo,
enfermedad sistémica pre existente y patología odontológica. Luego del análisis de
los resultados no se ratificó la hipótesis de que el antibiótico más utilizado es la
amoxicilina para el manejo de las infecciones odontogénicas, las cuales afectan
mayormente al sexo femenino, comprendidos entre los 35 y 45 años de edad, no
se encontró enfermedad sistémica pre existente, y la prevalencia de infecciones
odontogénicas presentes fueron restos radiculares.
Odontogenic infections are the most prevalent worldwide and are the first complaint in the dental office, according to reports from the World Health Organization (OMS, 2007). Dental treatment seeks to reduce quantitatively and qualitatively the population of inocula in odontogenic infections; although there are many questions regarding the use of antibiotics in general dental practice, finding information supporting its empirical indication, without considering pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic parameters evaluated in clinical trials (Moreno & Gómez, 2012). This is one of the reasons why this study is conducted to identify the antibiotics used in daily practice and efficacy in patients requiring tooth extraction in the in the Mobile Clinic # 35 of the Municipality of Guayaquil located on 28th Street and Argentina. A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional non-experimental was conducted based on data collection from medical records and literature review; variables were analyzed as sex, dental pathology, pre-existing systemic disease and antibiotic used. After analyzing the results the hypothesis that the most commonly used antibiotic is amoxicillin for handling odontogenic infections is not ratified, which affects mostly females, ranging between 35 and 45 years of age, no disease was found preexisting systemic, and the prevalence of dental infections were present root fragments.
Odontogenic infections are the most prevalent worldwide and are the first complaint in the dental office, according to reports from the World Health Organization (OMS, 2007). Dental treatment seeks to reduce quantitatively and qualitatively the population of inocula in odontogenic infections; although there are many questions regarding the use of antibiotics in general dental practice, finding information supporting its empirical indication, without considering pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic parameters evaluated in clinical trials (Moreno & Gómez, 2012). This is one of the reasons why this study is conducted to identify the antibiotics used in daily practice and efficacy in patients requiring tooth extraction in the in the Mobile Clinic # 35 of the Municipality of Guayaquil located on 28th Street and Argentina. A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional non-experimental was conducted based on data collection from medical records and literature review; variables were analyzed as sex, dental pathology, pre-existing systemic disease and antibiotic used. After analyzing the results the hypothesis that the most commonly used antibiotic is amoxicillin for handling odontogenic infections is not ratified, which affects mostly females, ranging between 35 and 45 years of age, no disease was found preexisting systemic, and the prevalence of dental infections were present root fragments.
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FARMACOLOGIA, CIRUGIA BUCAL, PATOLOGIA ORAL