Patologías bucales por el uso prolongado de antihipertensivos en pacientes adultos mayores
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2016-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
Identificar los efectos colaterales del uso prolongado de los antihipertensivos en adultos mayores.
Una vez identificada la población objeto de nuestro estudio se realizará la obtención de información mediante la observación directa: este nos permitirá recolectar datos sobre cuantas personas padecen de la enfermedad, cuales son los antihipertensivos que están ingiriendo y sus patologías orales; de esta manera contribuir con datos para las historias clínicas de esos pacientes. Se consultaron en las historias clínicas de los pacientes quienes padecían la enfermedad y realizamos encuestas. Durante el registro del total de pacientes, 31% son de sexo femenino y 69% son de sexo masculino. Del registro total de pacientes en el presente estudio el 69% manifestó tener alguna patología de las cuales el 38% fue femenino y el 31% masculino. El resto 31% manifestó no sentir nada. Los antihipertensivos más consumidos estás, 44% Losartan, 12% Enalapril, 6% Atelonol, 25% Amlodipino y13% Carvedilol. En donde tenemos como resultado el grupo que más se utiliza el ARAII en 44%, los bloqueadores de calcio en un 25%, los betabloqueadores en un 13%, seguido por los IECA en un 12% Las manifestaciones orales que se encontró con mayor prevalencia fue xerostomía con un 62%, seguido de la ageusia con un 15%; sin tener valores en cuanto a la hiperplasia gingival y las reacciones liquenoideas. Para Amlodipino las manifestaciones de mayor prevalencia fue la xerostomía 75% y seguido de la ageusia 29%; no se diagnosticó agrandamiento gingival. De los pacientes que estaban toman Enalapril encontramos que las manifestaciones orales no fueron de mayor significancia. Los pacientes que refirieron con el Carvedilol sentir xerostomía también consumen Losartan. La polifarmacia reduce de forma importante el flujo salival, estar muy pendiente de la combinación de los fármacos.
Identify the side effects of prolonged use of antihypertensive drugs in older adults. Having identified the target population of our study to obtain information it will be made by direct observation: this will allow us to collect data on how many people suffer from the disease, which are antihypertensive they are ingesting and oral diseases; thus contributing data to the medical records of those patients. They looked at the medical records of patients who were suffering from the disease and conduct surveys. During registration of all patients, 31% are female and 69% are male. The total registry of patients in this study 69% reported having some pathology of which 38% were female and 31% male. The remaining 31% said they feel nothing. The most used are antihypertensives, 44% Losartan, Enalapril 12%, 6% Atelonol, 25% and 13% Amlodipine Carvedilol. Where we have as a result the group that the ARBs are used in 44%, calcium blockers 25%, beta-blockers in 13%, followed by ACE inhibitors 12% Oral manifestations that found higher prevalence was xerostomia with 62%, followed by ageusia with 15%; without values regarding gingival hyperplasia and liquenoideas reactions. For Amlodipine manifestations of xerostomia higher prevalence it was 75% and followed by ageusia 29%; no gingival enlargement was diagnosed. Of the patients who were taking Enalapril found that oral manifestations were not of major significance. Patients referred with Carvedilol feel xerostomia also consume Losartan. Polypharmacy significantly reduces salivary flow, be very aware of the combination of drugs.
Identify the side effects of prolonged use of antihypertensive drugs in older adults. Having identified the target population of our study to obtain information it will be made by direct observation: this will allow us to collect data on how many people suffer from the disease, which are antihypertensive they are ingesting and oral diseases; thus contributing data to the medical records of those patients. They looked at the medical records of patients who were suffering from the disease and conduct surveys. During registration of all patients, 31% are female and 69% are male. The total registry of patients in this study 69% reported having some pathology of which 38% were female and 31% male. The remaining 31% said they feel nothing. The most used are antihypertensives, 44% Losartan, Enalapril 12%, 6% Atelonol, 25% and 13% Amlodipine Carvedilol. Where we have as a result the group that the ARBs are used in 44%, calcium blockers 25%, beta-blockers in 13%, followed by ACE inhibitors 12% Oral manifestations that found higher prevalence was xerostomia with 62%, followed by ageusia with 15%; without values regarding gingival hyperplasia and liquenoideas reactions. For Amlodipine manifestations of xerostomia higher prevalence it was 75% and followed by ageusia 29%; no gingival enlargement was diagnosed. Of the patients who were taking Enalapril found that oral manifestations were not of major significance. Patients referred with Carvedilol feel xerostomia also consume Losartan. Polypharmacy significantly reduces salivary flow, be very aware of the combination of drugs.
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PATOLOGIA ORAL, FARMACOLOGIA, ADULTO MAYOR