Estado de higiene oral y salud gingival en niños con Síndrome de Down
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2016-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El síndrome de Down es un trastorno genético causado por la presencia de una
copia extra del cromosoma 21 (o una parte del mismo), en vez de los dos
habituales, por ello se denomina también trisomía del par 21. Se caracteriza por la
presencia de un grado variable de discapacidad cognitiva y unos rasgos físicos
peculiares que le dan un aspecto reconocible. Las personas con síndrome de
Down presentan variedad de complicaciones médicas y características
odontoestomatológicas específicas. Muchas de ellas tienen relación directa con la
salud oral y con la calidad de vida del niño afectado. El presente estudio tiene por
objetivo realizar un análisis comparativo sobre el estado de salud gingival y
periodontal en niños con Síndrome de Down de y pacientes sanos examinados en
la clínica de Odontopediatría de la Facultad Piloto de Odontología de la
Universidad de Guayaquil durante el año 2015, con edades entre 4 y 14 años. En
este grupo de pacientes se ha descrito una menor prevalencia de caries dental y
una mayor frecuencia de enfermedades que afectan al periodonto con especial
referencia a la enfermedad periodontal que tiene un inicio más precoz y un
carácter agresivo.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 (or part thereof) , instead of the usual two , for it it is also known as Trisomy 21. It is characterized by the presence of a varying degree of cognitive impairment and peculiar physical features that give it a recognizable look. People with Down syndrome have variety of medical complications and odontostomatological specific characteristics. Many of them are directly related to oral health and quality of life of the affected child. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis on the state of gingival and periodontal health in children with Down syndrome and healthy patients examined in the clinic of Pediatric Dentistry of the Pilot School of Dentistry at the University of Guayaquil during 2015, aged 4 and 14 years. In this group of patients it described a lower prevalence of dental caries and increased frequency of diseases affecting the periodontium with special reference to periodontal disease with an earlier start and an aggressive character.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 (or part thereof) , instead of the usual two , for it it is also known as Trisomy 21. It is characterized by the presence of a varying degree of cognitive impairment and peculiar physical features that give it a recognizable look. People with Down syndrome have variety of medical complications and odontostomatological specific characteristics. Many of them are directly related to oral health and quality of life of the affected child. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis on the state of gingival and periodontal health in children with Down syndrome and healthy patients examined in the clinic of Pediatric Dentistry of the Pilot School of Dentistry at the University of Guayaquil during 2015, aged 4 and 14 years. In this group of patients it described a lower prevalence of dental caries and increased frequency of diseases affecting the periodontium with special reference to periodontal disease with an earlier start and an aggressive character.
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Palabras clave
SINDROME DE DOWN, CARIES DENTALES, ENFERMEDADES PERIODONTALES