Nacimiento prematuro, causas y complicaciones Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor período : 2015
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
Nacimiento prematuro es antes de 37 semanas de gestación. Al nacer, un bebé se clasifica como: Prematuro (< de 37 SG) A término (de 37 a 42 SG) Postérmino o posmaduro (> 42 SG) Si una mujer entra en trabajo de parto antes de las 37 semanas, se denomina contracciones prematuras. Los problemas de salud en la madre como diabetes, cardiopatía y nefropatía pueden contribuir a las contracciones prematuras. A menudo la causa de las contracciones prematuras se desconoce. Los embarazos múltiples, como es el caso con gemelos o trillizos, representan el 15% de todos los nacimientos prematuros.
Diferentes problemas relacionados con el embarazo incrementan el riesgo de contracciones prematuras o el parto prematuro:
Un cuello uterino que comienza a dilatarse temprano, también llamado insuficiencia cervicouterina, anomalías congénitas del útero, antecedentes de parto prematuro, infección urinaria o de la membrana amniótica, mala nutrición poco antes o durante el embarazo, preeclampsia: hipertensión arterial y presencia de proteína en la orina después de la semana 20 del embarazo, ruptura prematura de membranas (placenta previa).
Otros factores que incrementan el riesgo de contracciones prematuras: Edad de la madre menores de 16 y mayores de 35 años, raza negra, falta de cuidados prenatales, nivel socioeconómico bajo, consumo de tabaco, cocaína o anfetaminas.
El principal objetivo de este estudio es determinar las causas, incidencia de los nacimientos prematuros y posteriores complicaciones en el neonato en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, para lo cual se utilizó la metodología de observación indirecta transversal.
Premature birth is before 37 weeks of gestation. At birth, a baby is classified as: Preterm (<37 SG) A term (37 to 42 SG) Post term (> 42 SG) If a woman goes into labor before 37 weeks, it is called the contractions you premature.Health problems in the mother such as diabetes, heart disease and kidney disease may contribute to premature contractions. Often the cause of premature contractions is unknown. Multiple pregnancies, such as twins or triplets, represent 15% of all premature births. Different problems related to pregnancy increases the risk of premature contractions or premature labor: A cervix begins to dilate early, also called cervical insufficiency, congenital anomalies of the uterus, a history of preterm labor, urinary tract infection or amniotic membrane, poor nutrition shortly before or during pregnancy, preeclampsia: high blood pressure and protein in the urine after the 20th week of pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes (placenta previa). Other factors that increase the risk of premature contractions: maternal age under 16 and over 35, black race, lack of prenatal care, low socioeconomic status, use of snuff, cocaine or amphetamines The main objective of this study is to determine the causes, incidence of premature births and subsequent complications in the neonate in the Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor , for which the methodology used cross indirect observation .
Premature birth is before 37 weeks of gestation. At birth, a baby is classified as: Preterm (<37 SG) A term (37 to 42 SG) Post term (> 42 SG) If a woman goes into labor before 37 weeks, it is called the contractions you premature.Health problems in the mother such as diabetes, heart disease and kidney disease may contribute to premature contractions. Often the cause of premature contractions is unknown. Multiple pregnancies, such as twins or triplets, represent 15% of all premature births. Different problems related to pregnancy increases the risk of premature contractions or premature labor: A cervix begins to dilate early, also called cervical insufficiency, congenital anomalies of the uterus, a history of preterm labor, urinary tract infection or amniotic membrane, poor nutrition shortly before or during pregnancy, preeclampsia: high blood pressure and protein in the urine after the 20th week of pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes (placenta previa). Other factors that increase the risk of premature contractions: maternal age under 16 and over 35, black race, lack of prenatal care, low socioeconomic status, use of snuff, cocaine or amphetamines The main objective of this study is to determine the causes, incidence of premature births and subsequent complications in the neonate in the Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor , for which the methodology used cross indirect observation .
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NACIMIENTO PREMATURO, COMPLICACIONES NEONATALES, HOSPITAL GINECO-OBSTETRICO ENRIQUE C. SOTOMAYOR, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR