Optimización de recursos en la elaboración de bloques de madera en la Fábrica Probalsa S.A. Guayaquil.
Fecha
2013-06-07
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial.
Resumen
El objetivo de la presente tesis de grado es: incrementar la eficiencia de la
producción del proceso de elaboración de bloques de madera de balsa, para
optimizar los recursos de la empresa PROBALSA S. A. Para diagnosticar la
situación actual de la empresa, se ha analizado los procesos productivos de
elaboración de bloques de madera de balsa, para lo cual se han utilizando
diagramas de operaciones, de flujo, de distribución de planta y herramientas de
diagnóstico, como diagramas de Ishikawa y Pareto, con los cuales se detectó los
principales problemas que afectan a esta sección, que conciernen al bajo nivel de
eficiencia en el proceso de ajuste del producto en mención, debido a la
obsolescencia y daños de las prensas que son operadas manualmente por los
operadores, que son ocasionados a su vez por la obsolescencia de sus principales
mecanismos, cuyo efecto son los tiempos improductivos y el desperdicio
observado, lo que ha traído como consecuencia pérdidas anuales por $59.628,54 y
le ha privado de fabricar 1.086.227 Bft. afectando la productividad de la planta. La
propuesta para enfrentar los problemas se refiere a la aplicación de técnicas del
mantenimiento autónomo e Ingeniería de Métodos, además de la Teoría de
Decisiones, escogiendo la alternativa de solución de reemplazar 11 prensas
obsoletas por 2 prensas automáticas nuevas, para evitar paralizaciones de la planta,
determinándose el aumento de la eficiencia desde 54,54% hasta 76,36% en las
secciones previas al proceso elaboración de bloques de madera de balsa,
evidenciando con ello la factibilidad técnica de la opción escogida. La inversión
total para el reemplazo de 11 máquinas prensas obsoletas por 2 equipos nuevos
asciende a la cantidad de $157.738,67, correspondiendo la inversión fija el 93,27%
y a los costos de operación el 6,73%, que será recuperada en 2 años, generando
una Tasa Interna de Retorno (TIR) de 63,15% y un Valor Actual Neto (VAN) de
$306.608,14, lo que demuestra la factibilidad técnica – económica de la alternativa
escogida como solución al problema.
The objective of this thesis is to increase the efficiency of production process of balsa wood blocks to optimize company resources PROBALSA S. A. To diagnose the current situation of the company, we have analyzed the production processes of making balsa wood blocks, for which we have operations using diagrams, flow charts, floor plan and diagnostic tools such as Ishikawa diagrams and Pareto, which was detected with the major problems affecting this section concerning the low level of efficiency in the adjustment process of the product in question, due to obsolescence and damage of the presses that are operated manually by operators , which are in turn caused by the obsolescence of its main mechanisms whose effect is downtime and wastage observed, which has resulted in annual losses by $ 59,628.54 and deprived him of making 1,086,227 Bft. affecting the productivity of the plant. The proposal to address issues concerning the implementation of autonomous maintenance techniques and engineering methods besides Decision Theory, choosing the alternative solution to replace 11 obsolete presses two new automatic presses, to avoid plant shutdowns, determining efficiency increased from 54.54% to 76.36% in the previous sections the development process of balsa wood blocks, thereby demonstrating the technical feasibility of the option chosen. The total investment for the replacement of 11 obsolete machines presses for 2 new teams are in the amount of $ 157,738.67, the corresponding fixed investment 93.27% and operating costs 6.73%, to be recovered in two years, generating an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 63.15% and a Net Present Value (NPV) of $ 306,608.14, demonstrating the technical feasibility - economic alternative is chosen as a solution to the problem
The objective of this thesis is to increase the efficiency of production process of balsa wood blocks to optimize company resources PROBALSA S. A. To diagnose the current situation of the company, we have analyzed the production processes of making balsa wood blocks, for which we have operations using diagrams, flow charts, floor plan and diagnostic tools such as Ishikawa diagrams and Pareto, which was detected with the major problems affecting this section concerning the low level of efficiency in the adjustment process of the product in question, due to obsolescence and damage of the presses that are operated manually by operators , which are in turn caused by the obsolescence of its main mechanisms whose effect is downtime and wastage observed, which has resulted in annual losses by $ 59,628.54 and deprived him of making 1,086,227 Bft. affecting the productivity of the plant. The proposal to address issues concerning the implementation of autonomous maintenance techniques and engineering methods besides Decision Theory, choosing the alternative solution to replace 11 obsolete presses two new automatic presses, to avoid plant shutdowns, determining efficiency increased from 54.54% to 76.36% in the previous sections the development process of balsa wood blocks, thereby demonstrating the technical feasibility of the option chosen. The total investment for the replacement of 11 obsolete machines presses for 2 new teams are in the amount of $ 157,738.67, the corresponding fixed investment 93.27% and operating costs 6.73%, to be recovered in two years, generating an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 63.15% and a Net Present Value (NPV) of $ 306,608.14, demonstrating the technical feasibility - economic alternative is chosen as a solution to the problem
Descripción
Este documento contiene archivo en PDF.
Palabras clave
SISTEMAS PRODUCTIVOS, BLOQUES DE MADERA, INDUSTRIA DE LA MADERA