Mortalidad neonatal por sepsis, factores de riesgo, estudio a realizar en el Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón, Area de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales, período 2014-2016
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: La sepsis neonatal constituye uno de los mayores problemas para las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) por ser una de las más importantes causas de mortalidad a nivel mundial. La mayor parte de los casos son provenientes de países vías de desarrollo, muchas veces relacionados al ámbito sociocultural en donde se desarrolla el feto. El identificar de manera precoz los factores de riesgo más importantes influenciará en la reducción de las tasas de mortalidad y secuelas futuras para los neonatos.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, no experimental. Se realizó la recolección de los datos a través de historias clinicas. Se tabuló la información en una hoja de datos de Excel y su posterior análisis se desarrolló en la plataforma estadística SPSS.
Resultados: De entre los casos de sepsis neonatal, en su mayor parte fueron de causa temprana con un 80% y tardía en un 20%. Entre los factores de riesgo fetales la edad media gestacional fue de 36 semanas con un peso aproximado de 2.3 Kg. Se determinó además que el 48% de los pacientes uso vía venosa periférica y un 56% vía central, habiendo el 100% de los pacientes usado la intubación endotraqueal. Entre los factores de riesgo maternos la edad materna fue de 20 años y el 88% al 98% tuvieron ruptura prematura de membranas e infección de vías urinarias, respectivamente.
Conclusión: Se encontró correlación entre los factores de riesgo maternos infección de vías urinarias y ruptura de membranas con la mortalidad por sepsis neonatal.
Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is one of the biggest problems for Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) for being one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. Most cases are pathways from developing countries, often related to the sociocultural environment in which the fetus develops. The early identification of the risk factors most important influence in reducing mortality rates and future consequences for infants. Materials and Methods: Observational, descriptive, non-experimental study. Data collection was performed through medical records. Information was tabulated in an Excel data sheet and subsequent analysis was conducted in SPSS statistical platform. Results: Among cases of neonatal sepsis, mostly because they were early with 80% and the latter by 20%. Among the factors of fetal risk mean gestational age was 36 weeks with a weight of 2.3 Kg. It was further found that 48% of patients use via peripheral venous and 56% central line, having 100% of patients used endotracheal intubation. Among the risk factors maternal maternal age was 20 years and 88% to 98% were premature rupture of membranes and urinary tract infection, respectively. Conclusion: Correlation was found between maternal risk factors urinary tract infection and rupture of membranes with mortality from neonatal sepsis.
Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is one of the biggest problems for Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) for being one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. Most cases are pathways from developing countries, often related to the sociocultural environment in which the fetus develops. The early identification of the risk factors most important influence in reducing mortality rates and future consequences for infants. Materials and Methods: Observational, descriptive, non-experimental study. Data collection was performed through medical records. Information was tabulated in an Excel data sheet and subsequent analysis was conducted in SPSS statistical platform. Results: Among cases of neonatal sepsis, mostly because they were early with 80% and the latter by 20%. Among the factors of fetal risk mean gestational age was 36 weeks with a weight of 2.3 Kg. It was further found that 48% of patients use via peripheral venous and 56% central line, having 100% of patients used endotracheal intubation. Among the risk factors maternal maternal age was 20 years and 88% to 98% were premature rupture of membranes and urinary tract infection, respectively. Conclusion: Correlation was found between maternal risk factors urinary tract infection and rupture of membranes with mortality from neonatal sepsis.
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MORTALIDAD INFANTIL, SEPSIS NEONATAL, FACTORES DE RIESGO, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES GUAYAQUIL DR. ABEL GILBERT PONTON, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR