Niveles De Contaminación Acústica En La Avenida “Batalla De Boyacá” De La Ciudad De Machala
Fecha
2017
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
A lo largo de los años, el ruido no ha sido considerado un tipo de contaminación debido a que la percepción de la población lo coloca por debajo de otras problemáticas sin saber que su salud está siendo afectada continuamente. El objetivo de este estudio es diagnosticar los niveles de presión sonora en la avenida “Batalla de Boyacá” de la ciudad de Machala. El área de estudio fue dividida en un total de 12 puntos de medición para abarcar un área de influencia indirecta dentro de las mediciones, mismas que fueron realizadas en cuatro horarios del día. Cada día de medición se hizo uso de un calibrador para obtener resultados precisos y confiables. Los valores de presión sonora más elevados se encontraron en el horario de 11h00 a 12h25 en la intersección de las avenidas Guabo y Tarqui con 81 dB superando así en 26 decibeles lo establecido en el Anexo 5: Niveles máximos de emisión de ruido y metodología de medición para fuentes fijas y fuentes móviles del Libro VI del Texto Unificado de Legislación Secundaria del Ministerio del Ambiente. Basado en el análisis comparativo de promedios de nivel de presión sonora para cada punto de medición, se puede concluir que los niveles de ruido de la avenida “Batalla de Boyacá” no cumplen con los límites admisibles determinados en la legislación. Se elaboró una propuesta con el objeto de reducir los niveles de presión sonora a lo largo del área de estudio aplicando medidas de control dirigidas a aplicarse por parte de las respectivas autoridades reguladoras.
Over the years, noise has not been considered a type of pollution because the perception of the population puts it below other problems without knowing that their health is being affected continuously. The objective of this study is to diagnose sound pressure levels in the "Batalla de Boyacá" avenue in the city of Machala. The study area was divided into a total of 12 measurement points to cover an area of indirect influence within the measurements, which were performed at four times a day. Each day of measurement a calibrator was used to obtain accurate and reliable results. The highest sound pressure values were found between 11:00 a.m. and 12:30 p.m. at the intersection of Guabo and Tarqui avenues with 81 dB, thus exceeding 26 decibels as set out in Annex 5: Maximum noise emission levels and measurement methodology For fixed sources and mobile sources of Book VI of the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment. Based on the comparative analysis of sound pressure level averages for each measurement point, it can be concluded that the noise levels of the "Batalla de Boyacá" avenue do not meet the permissible limits determined in the legislation. A proposal was made to reduce sound pressure levels throughout the study area by applying control measures to be applied by the respective regulatory authorities.
Over the years, noise has not been considered a type of pollution because the perception of the population puts it below other problems without knowing that their health is being affected continuously. The objective of this study is to diagnose sound pressure levels in the "Batalla de Boyacá" avenue in the city of Machala. The study area was divided into a total of 12 measurement points to cover an area of indirect influence within the measurements, which were performed at four times a day. Each day of measurement a calibrator was used to obtain accurate and reliable results. The highest sound pressure values were found between 11:00 a.m. and 12:30 p.m. at the intersection of Guabo and Tarqui avenues with 81 dB, thus exceeding 26 decibels as set out in Annex 5: Maximum noise emission levels and measurement methodology For fixed sources and mobile sources of Book VI of the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment. Based on the comparative analysis of sound pressure level averages for each measurement point, it can be concluded that the noise levels of the "Batalla de Boyacá" avenue do not meet the permissible limits determined in the legislation. A proposal was made to reduce sound pressure levels throughout the study area by applying control measures to be applied by the respective regulatory authorities.
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CONTAMINACION ACUSTICA, MEDICIONES, MAPAS DE RUIDO, DECIBELES