Evaluación físico-química y microbiológica de la calidad del agua de los pozos, ubicados en el sector de la Parroquia La Rule, Cantón Balzar- Provincia del Guayas, marzo-abril 2017
Fecha
2017
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
En la zona rural de la parroquia la Rule, Cantón Balzar, Provincia del Guayas., existen cerca de un medio centenar de pozos de agua subterráneas, que se utilizan para consumo humano y actividades domésticas y agrícolas, de los cuales se tomaron 4 pozos en diferentes sectores del centro al sur en el periodo comprendido del mes de marzo a abril del año 2017; se realizó un análisis físico- químico y microbiológico que incluyó, turbidez, pH, sólidos disueltos totales, dureza, amoníaco, sulfatos, color, olor, sabor, hierro, manganeso, aluminio, nitratos, oxígeno disuelto, demanda bioquímica de oxígeno, coliformes totales y coliformes fecales, con el objetivo de evaluar dichos indicadores y compararlos con la normativa ecuatoriana vigente TULSMA libro VI, anexo 1; y de esta forma evidenciar la calidad del agua de la que se abastecen los habitantes de la zona. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron valores ligeramente por encima del límite máximo permitido por el TULSMA en algunos de los parámetros analizados como dureza, sólidos disueltos totales, sulfatos, hierro, coliformes totales, mientras que para el pH, color, sabor, manganeso y otros, los valores estuvieron dentro de los estándares establecidos por esta norma. Finalmente se determinó que los pozos No. 3 y 4 correspondientes al tramo centro- sur de la parroquia La Rule son los que presentan ligera contaminación microbiológica (coliformes totales). Se recomienda a las autoridades de este sector establecer y ejecutar campañas de saneamientos básicos, planes de monitoreos y posterior tratamiento de aguas de pozo.
In the rural area of La Rule, Cantón Balzar, Province of Guayas, there are about half a hundred underground water wells, which are used for human consumption and domestic and agricultural activities, of which 4 wells were taken in Different sectors from the center to the south in the period from the month of March to April of the year 2017; A chemical and microbiological analysis including, turbidity, pH, total dissolved solids, hardness, ammonia, sulfates, color, odor, flavor, iron manganese, aluminum, nitrates, dissolved oxygen, Biochemical oxygen demand, total coliform and fecal coliform. In order to evaluate these indicators and compare them with the current Ecuadorian legislation TULSMA book VI, Annex 1; And thus demonstrate the quality of water that supply the inhabitants of the area. The results obtained by instrumental laboratory procedures indicated values slightly above the maximum limit allowed by TULSMA in some of the analyzed parameters, such as hardness, total dissolved solids, sulfate, iron, total coliforms, while for the PH, color, flavor and manganese and others, the values were within the standards established by this standard. Finally, it was determined that well No. 3 and 4 corresponding to the center-south section of La Rule parish are those that present slight contamination. It is recommended that the authorities in this sector establish and carry out basic sanitation campaigns, monitoring plans and subsequent treatment of well water.
In the rural area of La Rule, Cantón Balzar, Province of Guayas, there are about half a hundred underground water wells, which are used for human consumption and domestic and agricultural activities, of which 4 wells were taken in Different sectors from the center to the south in the period from the month of March to April of the year 2017; A chemical and microbiological analysis including, turbidity, pH, total dissolved solids, hardness, ammonia, sulfates, color, odor, flavor, iron manganese, aluminum, nitrates, dissolved oxygen, Biochemical oxygen demand, total coliform and fecal coliform. In order to evaluate these indicators and compare them with the current Ecuadorian legislation TULSMA book VI, Annex 1; And thus demonstrate the quality of water that supply the inhabitants of the area. The results obtained by instrumental laboratory procedures indicated values slightly above the maximum limit allowed by TULSMA in some of the analyzed parameters, such as hardness, total dissolved solids, sulfate, iron, total coliforms, while for the PH, color, flavor and manganese and others, the values were within the standards established by this standard. Finally, it was determined that well No. 3 and 4 corresponding to the center-south section of La Rule parish are those that present slight contamination. It is recommended that the authorities in this sector establish and carry out basic sanitation campaigns, monitoring plans and subsequent treatment of well water.
Descripción
Pdf
Palabras clave
CONTAMINACIÓN FÍSICO-QUÍMICA Y MICROBIOLÓGICA, AGUA DE POZO, ZONAS RURALES, TULSMA