Estudio de la prevalencia de parasitosis por amebas (entamoeba histolytica y entamoeba coli), enterobius vermicularis y ascaris lumbricoides en niños de 3 a 5 años en la Unidad Educativa Particular 24 de Julio en la ciudad de Guayaquil
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El presente proyecto investigativo pone en contexto cuatro tipos de parasitosis infantil frecuentes a nivel de Latinoamérica, teniendo en consideración los factores tanto externos como internos que propician a las mismas. La indagación se realiza a una escala pequeña pero muy significativa enmarcada en una población estudiantil de edades vulnerables, abarcando los 3, 4 y 5 años de edad en una escuela ubicada en un sector marginal de la urbe. La investigación sigue el procedimiento estándar de lo que se conoce como un estudio coproparasitario, el cual realiza una observación directa a nivel microscópico de los microorganismos habitantes en las heces fecales de las muestras obtenidas durante la recolección. En este micro proyecto estudiaremos y buscaremos cuatro parásitos específicamente, dos de ellos helmintos: el Enterobius vermicularis comúnmente llamado oxiuro y el Ascaris lumbricoides, y los otros dos protozoarios: la Entamoeba histolytica y la Entamoeba coli; cuyos antecedentes indican ser sumamente usuales en la población costera del Ecuador, principalmente en la población infantil. Este texto informativo ha averiguado la influencia de diferentes factores sociales y económicos e higiénico-sanitarios, también de la edad y del sexo; elementos que puede suponer un aumento en la probabilidad de adquisición de las enteroparasitosis estudiadas. Los resultados obtenidos han sido contrastados con antecedentes investigativos dentro de la nación y datos otorgados por las autoridades sanitarias. En este proyecto se demostró que existe una notable prevalencia de la infección parasitaria, ocurriendo en el 88% de la población estudiada. Al clasificar estas parasitosis en las clases de parásitos estudiados como Helmintos y Protozoarios, los porcentajes representativos son de 20% y 82% respectivamente en la población total. Para la precisión para indicar la prevalencia de las parasitosis en esta indagación los porcentajes encontrados de poseedores de infecciones referidas a los parásitos objetos de estudio ya mencionados, son: Entamoeba histolytica 40% de la población, Entamoeba coli 78% de la población, Enterobius vermicularis 14% de la población y Ascaris lumbricoides 6% de la población
The present research project puts into context four types of infantile parasitosis prevalent in Latin America, taking into consideration the external and internal factors that favor them. The inquiry is carried out on a small but very significant scale framed in a student population of vulnerable ages, covering the 3, 4 and 5 years of age in a school located in a marginal sector of the city. The investigation follows the standard procedure of what is known as a coproparasitary study, which makes a direct observation at the microscopic level of the microorganisms that inhabit the feces of the samples obtained during the collection. In this microproject, we will study and search for four parasites specifically, two of them helminths: Enterobius vermicularis commonly called pinworm and Ascaris lumbricoides, and the other two protozoa: Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba coli; whose antecedents indicate to be extremely common in the coastal population of Ecuador, mainly in the child population. This informational text has ascertained the influence of different social and economic and hygienic-sanitary factors, also of age and sex; Elements that may imply an increase in the probability of acquisition of the enteroparasitosis studied. The results obtained have been contrasted with research histories within the nation and data provided by the health authorities. In this project, it was demonstrated that there is a remarkable prevalence of parasitic infection, occurring in 88% of the population studied. When classifying these parasitosis in the classes of parasites studied as Helminths and Protozoa, the representative percentages are of 20% and 82% respectively in the total population. For the precision to indicate the prevalence of the parasitosis in this investigation, the percentages found of those infected with the parasites referred to above are: Enterobius vermicularis 14% of the population, Ascaris lumbricoides 6% of the population, Entamoeba histolytica 40% of the population and Entamoeba coli 78% of the population.
The present research project puts into context four types of infantile parasitosis prevalent in Latin America, taking into consideration the external and internal factors that favor them. The inquiry is carried out on a small but very significant scale framed in a student population of vulnerable ages, covering the 3, 4 and 5 years of age in a school located in a marginal sector of the city. The investigation follows the standard procedure of what is known as a coproparasitary study, which makes a direct observation at the microscopic level of the microorganisms that inhabit the feces of the samples obtained during the collection. In this microproject, we will study and search for four parasites specifically, two of them helminths: Enterobius vermicularis commonly called pinworm and Ascaris lumbricoides, and the other two protozoa: Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba coli; whose antecedents indicate to be extremely common in the coastal population of Ecuador, mainly in the child population. This informational text has ascertained the influence of different social and economic and hygienic-sanitary factors, also of age and sex; Elements that may imply an increase in the probability of acquisition of the enteroparasitosis studied. The results obtained have been contrasted with research histories within the nation and data provided by the health authorities. In this project, it was demonstrated that there is a remarkable prevalence of parasitic infection, occurring in 88% of the population studied. When classifying these parasitosis in the classes of parasites studied as Helminths and Protozoa, the representative percentages are of 20% and 82% respectively in the total population. For the precision to indicate the prevalence of the parasitosis in this investigation, the percentages found of those infected with the parasites referred to above are: Enterobius vermicularis 14% of the population, Ascaris lumbricoides 6% of the population, Entamoeba histolytica 40% of the population and Entamoeba coli 78% of the population.
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PARASITOSIS, COPROPARASITARIO, ENTEROPARASITOSIS, HELMINTOS, PROTOZOARIOS