Evaluación de resultados de la utilización de cirugía estereotáxica en lesiones intracraneales. Hospital Regional Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo del IESS. Período 2004-2009
Fecha
2011
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La incidencia de tumores del Sistema Nervioso Central es relativamente frecuente. La mayor parte de estas requieren de intervención quirúrgica. Sin embargo en algunas de ellas, la indicación de cirugía convencional implica mayor manipulación y daño del tejido cerebral circundante, uso de medicamentos, requerimiento de tecnología no siempre disponible y problemas para la localización anatómica de la lesión, que se traducen en un aumento del riesgo de complicaciones y del tiempo quirúrgico. La introducción de la cirugía estereotáxica permite la resección de lesiones intracraneales donde las referencias anatómicas no existen o no pueden utilizarse las técnicas convencionales. Un instrumento para valorar el desempeño de esta tecnología son los reportes de los resultados. Sin embargo, a pesar de que en el hospital Regional del IESS “Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” esta tecnología está disponible desde hace ya varios años, no se cuenta con un estudio referente. Con el objetivo de conocer los resultados que se han obtenido con su empleo, se realizó un estudio de tipo exploratorio observacional, descriptivo de diseño no experimental, longitudinal retrospectivo que incorporó una muestra de los casos atendidos en el periodo 2005-2009. La cirugía estereotáxica representa alrededor de 10 cirugías anuales, una cifra muy baja de intervenciones. Los pacientes generalmente son intervenidos quirúrgicamente con estereotaxia tienen una edad promedio de 52 años, de sexo masculino (63%).La lesión frecuentemente tiene ubicación en la región Parietal (19%), es maligna, generalmente un astrocitoma (37%). La manifestación que refirió el mayor número de pacientes fueron múltiples (70%). La de mayor prevalencia la cefalea (49%)- La mortalidad es del 6%.
The incidence of tumors of the central nervous system varies between is high 100,000 inhabitants. The intracranial mass lesions in Ecuador are reported in about 30 cases a year. Most of these require surgery. However in some of them, an indication of conventional surgery involves more manipulation and damage surrounding brain tissue, medication use, technology requirement and problems are not always available for anatomical location of the lesion, resulting in an increased risk of complications and surgical time. The introduction of stereotactic surgery allows resection of intracranial lesions where anatomical landmarks do not exist or can not be used conventional techniques. An instrument for assessing the performance of this technology are the reports of the results. However, despite that the IESS Regional Hospital "Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo "This technology has been available for several years, there is no reference to a study. In order to know the results have been obtained with its use, a study was conducted an observational, descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective longitudinal incorporated a sample of cases seen in 2005-2009. Stereotactic surgery accounts for about 10 surgeries per year, a low figure of interventions. Patients are usually operated with stereotactic have an average age 52, male (63%). The lesion is often located in the parietal region (19%), malignant, usually an astrocytoma (37%). The demonstration referred to by the greater number of patients were multiple (70%). The higher prevalence of headache (49%) - The mortality rate is 6%
The incidence of tumors of the central nervous system varies between is high 100,000 inhabitants. The intracranial mass lesions in Ecuador are reported in about 30 cases a year. Most of these require surgery. However in some of them, an indication of conventional surgery involves more manipulation and damage surrounding brain tissue, medication use, technology requirement and problems are not always available for anatomical location of the lesion, resulting in an increased risk of complications and surgical time. The introduction of stereotactic surgery allows resection of intracranial lesions where anatomical landmarks do not exist or can not be used conventional techniques. An instrument for assessing the performance of this technology are the reports of the results. However, despite that the IESS Regional Hospital "Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo "This technology has been available for several years, there is no reference to a study. In order to know the results have been obtained with its use, a study was conducted an observational, descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective longitudinal incorporated a sample of cases seen in 2005-2009. Stereotactic surgery accounts for about 10 surgeries per year, a low figure of interventions. Patients are usually operated with stereotactic have an average age 52, male (63%). The lesion is often located in the parietal region (19%), malignant, usually an astrocytoma (37%). The demonstration referred to by the greater number of patients were multiple (70%). The higher prevalence of headache (49%) - The mortality rate is 6%
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Cirugía estereotáxica, Lesiones intracraneales, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Guayaquil, Ecuador