Complicaciones maternas más frecuentes asociadas a preeclampsia, estudio realizado en embarazadas que ingresaron en el período de enero del 2014 a enero del 2016 en el Hospital General Liborio Panchana Sotomayor en la provincia de Santa Elena
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
Los estados hipertensivos durante el embarazo continúan siendo uno de los problemas obstétricos no resueltos más importantes, a pesar de los grandes esfuerzos de investigación que se han realizado, no se conoce su etiología ni están completamente aclarados los mecanismos fisiopatológicos implicados en su desarrollo.
El propósito de la investigación es servir de herramienta de apoyo para profesionales de la salud que tienen la responsabilidad de atención de embarazadas mediante el reconocimiento de los principales complicaciones asociadas a preeclampsia, clasificación de pacientes en riesgo y servir de ayuda para la prevención de esta. Este estudio se realizó en el Hospital General “Liborio Panchana Sotomayor” de Santa Elena, entre los objetivos que se plantearon fueron: determinar la incidencia de preeclampsia en el grupo de estudio, identificar principales factores predisponentes asociados y las consecuencias materno-fetales causadas por la misma. Los materiales y métodos utilizados, en éste trabajo están basados en un estudio Retrospectivo, Descriptivo no experimental.
Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas da cada paciente atendida en el área toco-quirúrgica con diagnóstico de preeclampsia en el período establecido. Se procedió de forma minuciosa con la recolección de datos de las historias clínicas mediante formulario. La muestra fue de 64 casos, desde enero del 2014 a enero del 2016. Se concluye que la preeclampsia está asociada a factores predisponentes para desencadenarla como la etnia mestiza, primigravidez y deficientes controles prenatales durante el embarazo, las cuales fueron de mayor frecuencia. Además, que las consecuencias fetales son frecuentes en este grupo de edad, como tener Recién Nacidos pequeños para la edad gestacional y depresión neonatal.
Otra consecuencia materna es que el 90% de los casos terminaron su embarazo por cesárea a causa de ésta patología. Finalmente de acuerdo a los resultados se planteó una propuesta para contribuir a la educación de las pacientes.
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Hypertensive States during pregnancy continue to be one of the obstetrical without major problems solved, despite the extensive research efforts that have been made, its etiology is not known or are fully clarified the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in its development. The purpose of the research is to provide a support tool for Health Care Professionals who are responsible Care Pregnancy through recognition of Major Complications Associated preeclampsia, classification of patients at risk and assist for the prevention of this. This study was conducted at the General Hospital "Liborio Panchana Sotomayor" Santa Elena, Among the proposed objectives Were: To determine the incidence of preeclampsia in the study group, identify major predisposing factors and associated maternal-fetal consequences caused by the same. Materials and Methods used in this work is based on a retrospective study, no experimental descriptive. Data were obtained from medical records of each patient treated at the El Toco-surgical diagnosed with preeclampsia in the period established m. We proceed thoroughly with the Data Collection Form Using the Medical Records. The sample consisted of 110 cases from January 2014 to January 2016. It was concluded that preeclampsia is an associated predisposing factors trigger it as mixed race ethnicity, primigravidez and Poor prenatal checkups during pregnancy, the frequency What Were Mayor. : In addition, Fetal Consequences That son Frequently In this age group, as small for Newborn Having gestational age and neonatal depression. Another consequence is that mother 90% of cases ended their pregnancy by cesarean section a cause of pathology. Finally, according to the results if I raised a proposal for contribute to the education of Patients.
Hypertensive States during pregnancy continue to be one of the obstetrical without major problems solved, despite the extensive research efforts that have been made, its etiology is not known or are fully clarified the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in its development. The purpose of the research is to provide a support tool for Health Care Professionals who are responsible Care Pregnancy through recognition of Major Complications Associated preeclampsia, classification of patients at risk and assist for the prevention of this. This study was conducted at the General Hospital "Liborio Panchana Sotomayor" Santa Elena, Among the proposed objectives Were: To determine the incidence of preeclampsia in the study group, identify major predisposing factors and associated maternal-fetal consequences caused by the same. Materials and Methods used in this work is based on a retrospective study, no experimental descriptive. Data were obtained from medical records of each patient treated at the El Toco-surgical diagnosed with preeclampsia in the period established m. We proceed thoroughly with the Data Collection Form Using the Medical Records. The sample consisted of 110 cases from January 2014 to January 2016. It was concluded that preeclampsia is an associated predisposing factors trigger it as mixed race ethnicity, primigravidez and Poor prenatal checkups during pregnancy, the frequency What Were Mayor. : In addition, Fetal Consequences That son Frequently In this age group, as small for Newborn Having gestational age and neonatal depression. Another consequence is that mother 90% of cases ended their pregnancy by cesarean section a cause of pathology. Finally, according to the results if I raised a proposal for contribute to the education of Patients.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Complicaciones del embarazo, Preeclampsia, Hospital General Dr. Liborio Panchana Sotomayor, Cantón Santa Elena, Ecuador, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Registros médicos