Correlación clínico patológica de las leucemias en niños de 1 a 15 años Hospital Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Durante el periodo 2015 – 2016 se realizaron en el Hospital del Niño “Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante” 697.295 consultas, de las cuales 3.382 fueron de las áreas de hematología y oncología. Representando el 2.4% de casos con leucemia atendidos en las respectivas áreas. Estudios en Ecuador han evidenciado que la enfermedad tiene un espectro clínico de manifestación muy amplio. La citometría de flujo mide diferentes parámetros de una célula: nucleares, citoplasmáticos, de superficie y extracelulares. Así es posible caracterizar una célula por su fenotipo morfológico o por los antígenos de superficie que presenta, dando la oportunidad a la aplicación diagnóstica, pronóstica y de tratamiento en las leucemias. El objetivo es determinar la correlación clínico-patológica de las leucemias en los niños de 1 a 15 años de edad atendidos en el área de hematología y oncología del Hospital del Niño “Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante” en el período 2015-2016. El presente estudio es de diseño no experimental transversal, el mismo que se realizó en las áreas de Hematología y Oncología del Hospital del Niño “Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante” cuyo universo estaba conformado por 107 pacientes los mismos que fueron atendidos en las respectivas áreas; la muestra está constituida por 84 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión estipulados para el estudio. Teniendo los siguientes resultados, el 51,2% de los pacientes fueron de sexo femenino, la mayoría de ellos eran mestizos, de procedencia urbana y edades entre 5 y 10 años, siendo la media de edad de 6,5 ±3,7 años. Se pudo realizar un diagnóstico por citometría en la serie estudiada en un 100%, donde el 71,4% de los pacientes, evidenciaron porcentajes de blastos superiores al 50% en el examen realizado. Esto contribuyó a llegar al diagnóstico de LLA B común en el 48,8% de los casos. Existe una relación del diagnóstico sindrómico con los blastos en la CMF (p=0,016) y con el diagnóstico patológico (p=0,024). Se observó una relación entre el diagnóstico clínico y el patológico (p=0,001). En conclusión, si existió correlación entre el diagnóstico clínico y el diagnóstico patológico por inmunofenotipo por citometría de flujo.
During the period 2015 – 2016 were carried out in the Child Hospital "Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante" 697,295 consultations, of which 3,382 were from the areas of hematology and oncology. Representing 2.4% of cases with leukemia treated in the respective areas. Studies in Ecuador have shown that the disease has a broad clinical spectrum of manifestation. Flow cytometry (FCM) measures different parameters of a cell: nuclear, cytoplasmic, surface and extracellular. Thus, it is possible to characterize a cell by its morphological phenotype or its surface antigens, giving the opportunity to the diagnostic, prognostic and treatment application in leukemias. The objective is determine the clinical-pathological correlation of leukemias in children aged 1 to 15 attended in the oncology area of the Child Hospital "Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante" in the period 2015-2016. The present study is of non-experimental and transversal design, the same one that was carried out in the Hematology and Oncology Services of the "Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante" Child Hospital whose universe consisted of 107 patients who were treated in the respective areas; the sample consists of 84 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria stipulated for the study. Independent, dependent and socio-demographic variables were applied. Having the following results, the 51.2% of the patients were female, where most of them were mestizos, of urban origin and were between 5 and 10 years old, with an average age of 6.5 ±3.7 years. A diagnosis was made by FCM in the series studied, where 71.4% of the patients showed blast percentages higher than 50% in the exam. This contributed to the diagnosis of ALL common B in 48.8% of cases. There is a relationship of the syndromic diagnosis with blasts in the FCM (p=0.016) and with the pathological diagnosis (p=0.024). A relationship between clinical and pathological diagnosis was observed (p=0.001). in conclusion There was an association between clinical diagnosis and pathological by immunophenotype by FCM.
During the period 2015 – 2016 were carried out in the Child Hospital "Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante" 697,295 consultations, of which 3,382 were from the areas of hematology and oncology. Representing 2.4% of cases with leukemia treated in the respective areas. Studies in Ecuador have shown that the disease has a broad clinical spectrum of manifestation. Flow cytometry (FCM) measures different parameters of a cell: nuclear, cytoplasmic, surface and extracellular. Thus, it is possible to characterize a cell by its morphological phenotype or its surface antigens, giving the opportunity to the diagnostic, prognostic and treatment application in leukemias. The objective is determine the clinical-pathological correlation of leukemias in children aged 1 to 15 attended in the oncology area of the Child Hospital "Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante" in the period 2015-2016. The present study is of non-experimental and transversal design, the same one that was carried out in the Hematology and Oncology Services of the "Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante" Child Hospital whose universe consisted of 107 patients who were treated in the respective areas; the sample consists of 84 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria stipulated for the study. Independent, dependent and socio-demographic variables were applied. Having the following results, the 51.2% of the patients were female, where most of them were mestizos, of urban origin and were between 5 and 10 years old, with an average age of 6.5 ±3.7 years. A diagnosis was made by FCM in the series studied, where 71.4% of the patients showed blast percentages higher than 50% in the exam. This contributed to the diagnosis of ALL common B in 48.8% of cases. There is a relationship of the syndromic diagnosis with blasts in the FCM (p=0.016) and with the pathological diagnosis (p=0.024). A relationship between clinical and pathological diagnosis was observed (p=0.001). in conclusion There was an association between clinical diagnosis and pathological by immunophenotype by FCM.
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LEUCEMIA, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, MANIFESTACIONES CLINICAS, CITOMETRIA DE FLUJO, ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVO, ESTUDIO RETROSPECTIVO, HOSPITAL DEL FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR