Diseño de un sistema de gestión ambiental, basado en la norma ISO 14001:2015, para una empresa productora de papel higiénico y servilletas
Fecha
2017
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente estudio enfoca el manejo de los desperdicios como problema inicial, dado a que se está generando un impacto ambiental negativo, considerando como objeto de estudio a una planta productora de papel higiénico y servilletas. Se efectúa la investigación con el objetivo de plantear un sistema de gestión ambiental, basándose en las normas ISO 14001:2015 para minimizar la contaminación ambiental proveniente del manejo de sus residuos peligrosos. El proyecto de la investigación fue no experimental y de carácter cualitativo, empleando como tipo de investigación la descripción, para enfocar los aspectos más relevantes, además como técnica de investigación se utiliza la observación con y sin interviniente, donde el instrumento fue la matriz RAI (Revisión Ambiental inicial). El marco teórico muestra el desarrollo del primer objetivo específico, que son los requisitos de la norma que un SGA debe cumplir. La Revisión ambiental inicial, señala que la empresa debe cumplir como parte legal en materia de ambiente, con las normas OSHAS y las Normas SISECO, esta última es una norma empresarial que rige en el ámbito de seguridad y medio ambiente. La empresa durante la producción de papel y servilletas, emana: polvo, rebaba de papel, gases, que deben ser gestionados, para cumplir con su requerimiento legal ambiental (TULSMA). Para la implementación de un Sistema de Gestión Ambiental, se requiere de planificaciones, indicando plazos, acciones, responsable a desarrollar, además de formaciones técnicas al personal para que conozcan sobre la nueva metodología en materia de medio ambiente.
The present study focuses on the management of waste as an initial problem, given that it is generating negative environmental impact, considering as a study object a plant producing toilet paper and napkins. The research is carried out with the aim of designing an environmental management system, based on the ISO 14001: 2015 standards to minimize environmental pollution from the management of its hazardous waste. The research design was non-experimental and of a qualitative nature, using as a type of research the description, to focus on the most relevant aspects, in addition, as a research technique, observation with and without intervening is used, where the instrument was the RAI matrix (Initial Environmental Review). The theoretical framework shows the development of the first specific objective, which are the requirements of the standard that an EMS must comply with. The Initial Environmental Review, indicates that the company must comply as a legal part in terms of environment, OSHAS standards and the SISECO Standards, the latter is a business rule that governs the field of safety and environment. The company during the production of paper and napkins, emanates: dust, burrs of paper, gases, which must be managed, to comply with its environmental legal requirement (TULSMA). To implement an Environmental Management System, planning is required, indicating deadlines, actions, responsible to develop, in addition to technical training to staff to learn about the new methodology in the field of environment.
The present study focuses on the management of waste as an initial problem, given that it is generating negative environmental impact, considering as a study object a plant producing toilet paper and napkins. The research is carried out with the aim of designing an environmental management system, based on the ISO 14001: 2015 standards to minimize environmental pollution from the management of its hazardous waste. The research design was non-experimental and of a qualitative nature, using as a type of research the description, to focus on the most relevant aspects, in addition, as a research technique, observation with and without intervening is used, where the instrument was the RAI matrix (Initial Environmental Review). The theoretical framework shows the development of the first specific objective, which are the requirements of the standard that an EMS must comply with. The Initial Environmental Review, indicates that the company must comply as a legal part in terms of environment, OSHAS standards and the SISECO Standards, the latter is a business rule that governs the field of safety and environment. The company during the production of paper and napkins, emanates: dust, burrs of paper, gases, which must be managed, to comply with its environmental legal requirement (TULSMA). To implement an Environmental Management System, planning is required, indicating deadlines, actions, responsible to develop, in addition to technical training to staff to learn about the new methodology in the field of environment.
Descripción
Palabras clave
DESECHOS PELIGROSOS, SGA, NORMA ISO