Tratamiento alternativo para la eliminación de desechos líquidos en una planta farmacéutica
Fecha
2004
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo se ha realizado dentro de las instalaciones de una planta farmacéutica; Kronos Laboratorio, ubicado en el Km 8½ vía a Daule, ya que considerando la carga de contaminantes tanto físico químicas y microbiológicas que contienen sus deshechos líquidos ,es necesario implementar un tratamiento que disminuya la carga de contaminantes presentes.
En el estudio de este proyecto fue necesario realizar una caracterización de las aguas residuales de este laboratorio farmacéutico, las cuales son generadas de la limpieza de equipos, pisos, y accesorios en general utilizados durante la producción de sus productos.
En primer lugar se procedió a realizar un monitoreo compuesto en los puntos de descarga de la Empresa, se recogieron alícuotas de muestra cada 30 minutos durante una jornada de producción, para luego formar una muestra compuesta, en función del caudal.
En el Capítulo III se detallan los parámetros analizados, sus técnicas de análisis y su importancia.
Luego se realizó un seguimiento de las aguas residuales que esta empresa genera, cuyos resultados son comparados frente a los Límites de Descarga al Sistema de Alcantarillado Público de la Legislación Ambiental, publicada en Enero 2004. y de acuerdo a lo que el M.I. Municipio de Guayaquil, el Departamento de Medio Ambiente publicó según la Norma, ciertos parámetros fueron excluidos.
Una vez analizadas estas aguas residuales que son mi universo de estudio, determinando los parámetros que sobrepasan los límites de descarga a la red de alcantarillado público según la Legislación Ecuatoriana vigente, como es la Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigeno (DBO) y los Sólidos suspendidos, deben ser removidos en un 80% en carga, se determina el tipo de tratamiento que podemos aplicar para mitigar la contaminación.
Para este caso se ha diseñado un tratamiento anaeróbico, para lo cual se ha realizado una reseña de la teoría de estos procesos.
Con la aplicación de este tratamiento se puede llegar a un efluente final con DBO inferior a 400 mg/Lt y de sólidos suspendidos inferior a 80 mg/Lt, valores con los cuales se cumplirá con la norma de descarga a un sistema de alcantarillado Sanitario Público.
The present work has been carried out inside the facilities of a pharmaceutical plant, Kronos Laboratory, located in the Km 81/2 road to Daule, since considering chemical physical so much load of pollutants and mycrobiologys that contain their undone liquids, it is necessary to implement that diminishes the load of present pollutants. In the study of this project it was necessary to carry out a characterization of the residual waters of this pharmaceutical Laboratory, which are generated of the cleanig of teams, floors and accessories in general used during the production of their products. In the first place it was carried out a compound monitoring in the points of discharge of the Company, there were picked up aliquots of samples every 30 minutes during a production day, for then to form a composed sample in function of the flow. The Chapter III shows the analyzed parameters, their anályis techniques and the importance of them. Later was carried out a pursuit of the residual waters that this company generates, whose results are compared in the front of the discharge limits to the system of public sewer system of the environmental Legislation, published in January 2004. and according to that the M.I. Municipality of Guayaquil, the environment department published according to the norm, certain parameters were excluded . Once analyzed these residual waters that are my universe of study, determining the parameters that surpass the discherge limites to the net of public sewer system according to the effective Ecuadorian Legislation, as it the biochemical demand of oxygen (DBO) and the suspended solids, they should be removed in 80% in load, the treatment type is determined that can apply to mitigate the contamination. For is case a treatment anaerobic has been designed, for that which has been carried out a review of the theory of these processes. UIT the aplication of this treatment you can arrive to a final efluente with in inferior D.B.O. to 400 mg/Lt and of inferior suspended solids to 80 mg/Lt, value with which it will be fulfilled the discharge norm to a system of sewer system sanitary public.
The present work has been carried out inside the facilities of a pharmaceutical plant, Kronos Laboratory, located in the Km 81/2 road to Daule, since considering chemical physical so much load of pollutants and mycrobiologys that contain their undone liquids, it is necessary to implement that diminishes the load of present pollutants. In the study of this project it was necessary to carry out a characterization of the residual waters of this pharmaceutical Laboratory, which are generated of the cleanig of teams, floors and accessories in general used during the production of their products. In the first place it was carried out a compound monitoring in the points of discharge of the Company, there were picked up aliquots of samples every 30 minutes during a production day, for then to form a composed sample in function of the flow. The Chapter III shows the analyzed parameters, their anályis techniques and the importance of them. Later was carried out a pursuit of the residual waters that this company generates, whose results are compared in the front of the discharge limits to the system of public sewer system of the environmental Legislation, published in January 2004. and according to that the M.I. Municipality of Guayaquil, the environment department published according to the norm, certain parameters were excluded . Once analyzed these residual waters that are my universe of study, determining the parameters that surpass the discherge limites to the net of public sewer system according to the effective Ecuadorian Legislation, as it the biochemical demand of oxygen (DBO) and the suspended solids, they should be removed in 80% in load, the treatment type is determined that can apply to mitigate the contamination. For is case a treatment anaerobic has been designed, for that which has been carried out a review of the theory of these processes. UIT the aplication of this treatment you can arrive to a final efluente with in inferior D.B.O. to 400 mg/Lt and of inferior suspended solids to 80 mg/Lt, value with which it will be fulfilled the discharge norm to a system of sewer system sanitary public.
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DESECHOS LIQUIDOS – ELIMINACION, TRATAMIENTO DE AGUAS RESIDUALES