Perfil epidemiológico de cáncer ovárico
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
En nuestro estudio analítico de Cáncer de ovario se ha determinado la prevalencia, incidencia diagnostico, factores de riesgo y mortalidad que intervienen en su estudio ya que es una afectación común en las mujeres de todo el mundo, pero de evolución silente, viéndose más afectada la población mayor de 40 años, el diagnòstico en la mayoría de los casos, se da en etapas avanzadas de la enfermedad, razòn por la cual hay una baja tasa de supervivencia. Los diferentes tipos histopatològicos están relacionados con la sintomatología que presentan las pacientes. El cáncer de ovario es un grave problema de salud pùblica que en las últimas décadas ha adquirido gran importancia sobretodo en mujeres mayores de 40 años, esta patologìa se caracteriza por ser silente y con un mal pronóstico especialmente cuando es diagnosticada en estadios avanzados. Este estudio estàm realizado con la finalidad de crear conciencia en mujeres de todas las edades para prevenir el desarrollo de la misma; teniendo en cuenta que es de origen multifactorial, y dando a conocer su comportamiento desde sus factores de riesgo, hasta la muerte debido a las complicaciones. En el presente trabajo se actualizaron los conceptos más recientes de su origen, se identificò el tipo histopatológico más frecuente, asimismo el grupo etario de mayor frecuencia, curso de evolución en las pacientes de buen o mal pronóstico.
ABSTRACTOvarian cancer is a serious health problem, it is a malignant tumor that originates from the uncontrolled growth of the cells that line the ovaries and generally extends to other organs located in the pelvis and abdomen; it occupies second place in the neoplasms of the female genital tract. There are several histological types of ovarian cancer and these depend on the original cell from which they derive: epithelial tumors (90%), germinal tumors (5%), in a smaller percentage of gonadal stromal tumors (4%), there are also benign tumors , borderline or intermediate tumors and malignant tumors. It is estimated that they are multifactorial in nature, many studies reveal factors that are directly related to the development of this pathology, among the main risk factors we have: Polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, obesity, pelvic inflammatory disease, family history of ovarian cancer, breast, colon and genetic mutation. The risk of ovarian cancer reaches between 2 and 3% in women with a BRCA1 mutation at 35 years and in those with a BRCA2 mutation at the age of fiftyThe average age at which this type of cancer occurs is at 40 years. To 30reach the diagnosis requires surgical exploration and it is necessary to perform a histopathological study. There are two forms of presentation: early where it is non-specific and there are no symptoms; advanced or late, symptomatic presents with transvaginal bleeding, gastro-intestinal symptoms, anemia, pain and tumor mass in the abdominal region. Early stages are of good prognosis, not so in advanced stages where there are relapses and it is often evident metastasis to organs located in the pelvis and abdomen
ABSTRACTOvarian cancer is a serious health problem, it is a malignant tumor that originates from the uncontrolled growth of the cells that line the ovaries and generally extends to other organs located in the pelvis and abdomen; it occupies second place in the neoplasms of the female genital tract. There are several histological types of ovarian cancer and these depend on the original cell from which they derive: epithelial tumors (90%), germinal tumors (5%), in a smaller percentage of gonadal stromal tumors (4%), there are also benign tumors , borderline or intermediate tumors and malignant tumors. It is estimated that they are multifactorial in nature, many studies reveal factors that are directly related to the development of this pathology, among the main risk factors we have: Polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, obesity, pelvic inflammatory disease, family history of ovarian cancer, breast, colon and genetic mutation. The risk of ovarian cancer reaches between 2 and 3% in women with a BRCA1 mutation at 35 years and in those with a BRCA2 mutation at the age of fiftyThe average age at which this type of cancer occurs is at 40 years. To 30reach the diagnosis requires surgical exploration and it is necessary to perform a histopathological study. There are two forms of presentation: early where it is non-specific and there are no symptoms; advanced or late, symptomatic presents with transvaginal bleeding, gastro-intestinal symptoms, anemia, pain and tumor mass in the abdominal region. Early stages are of good prognosis, not so in advanced stages where there are relapses and it is often evident metastasis to organs located in the pelvis and abdomen
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NEOPLASIAS OVÁRICAS, FACTORES DE RIESGO, MORTALIDAD, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, PERFIL DE SALUD, ENDOMETRIOSIS, SÍNDROME DEL OVARIO POLIQUÍSTICO, MATÁSTASIS, ENFERMEDAD INFLAMATORIA PÉLVICA, CANTÓN GUAYAQUIL, GUAYAQUIL