Estudio de los factores de riesgo de los pacientes con diabetes gestacional del Hospital General Guasmo Sur de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el año 2017
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La diabetes mellitus gestacional es un estado de intolerancia a los carbohidratos que se reconoce por primera vez durante la gestación y constituye la enfermedad metabólica que con mayor frecuencia complica el embarazo. Una atención preconcepcional adecuada a la mujer con DM disminuye ostensiblemente el riesgo de malformaciones congénitas en el hijo. Debe hacerse la pesquisa de la diabetes mellitus gestacional, fundamentalmente en las embarazadas que presentan algún factor de riesgo de esta enfermedad y usarse para su diagnostico los criterios de la OMS modificados en las guías existentes en cada país de acuerdo al estado socio cultural de la población. las mujeres embarazadas con diabetes mellitus requieren una atención obstétrico- endocrinológica especial porque esta enfermedad repercute de forma negativa en la madre y en el hijo a corto, mediano y largo plazo; pues las pacientes con DMG pueden presentar en el futuro una diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Métodos: se utilizo en este estudio el método observacional, retrospectivo de corte transversal, siendo sus resultados como factores de riesgo más importantes para el desarrollo de la enfermedad: sobrepeso y obesidad con un porcentaje del 96% le sigue los antecedentes familiares con un 91%, la edad predominante fue mayor de 35 años con un 23% predominando la etnia mestiza.
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a state of carbohydrate intolerance that is recognized for the first time during pregnancy and is the metabolic disease that most often complicates pregnancy. Adequate preconceptional care for women with DM ostensibly reduces the risk of congenital malformations in the child. The investigation of gestational diabetes mellitus should be done, mainly in pregnant women who have some risk factor for this disease and used for its diagnosis the WHO criteria modified in the existing guidelines in each country according to the socio-cultural status of the population. pregnant women with diabetes mellitus require special obstetric-endocrinological care because this disease has a negative impact on the mother and the child in the short, medium and long term; Patients with GDM may present type 2 diabetes mellitus in the future. Methods: the observational, retrospective, cross-sectional method was used in this study, with its results as the most important risk factors for the development of the disease: overweight and obesity with a percentage of 96% followed by family history with 91% , the predominant age was greater than 35 years with a 23% predominately mestizo ethnicity.
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a state of carbohydrate intolerance that is recognized for the first time during pregnancy and is the metabolic disease that most often complicates pregnancy. Adequate preconceptional care for women with DM ostensibly reduces the risk of congenital malformations in the child. The investigation of gestational diabetes mellitus should be done, mainly in pregnant women who have some risk factor for this disease and used for its diagnosis the WHO criteria modified in the existing guidelines in each country according to the socio-cultural status of the population. pregnant women with diabetes mellitus require special obstetric-endocrinological care because this disease has a negative impact on the mother and the child in the short, medium and long term; Patients with GDM may present type 2 diabetes mellitus in the future. Methods: the observational, retrospective, cross-sectional method was used in this study, with its results as the most important risk factors for the development of the disease: overweight and obesity with a percentage of 96% followed by family history with 91% , the predominant age was greater than 35 years with a 23% predominately mestizo ethnicity.
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Diabetes gestacional, Factores de riesgo, Sobrepeso, Obesidad, Hospital General Guasmo Sur, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador