Prevalencia de derrame pleural de origen tuberculoso en pacientes de 18-45 años de edad, del Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón, 2017
Fecha
2018
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Aunque es curable, la tuberculosis sigue siendo una de las causas más frecuentes de derrames pleurales a escala mundial, especialmente en los países en desarrollo. El derrame pleural tuberculoso (TPE) es una de las formas más comunes de tuberculosis extrapulmonar. La TPE por lo general se presenta como una enfermedad aguda con fiebre, tos y dolor pleurítico en el pecho. El estándar de oro para el diagnóstico de TPE sigue siendo la detección de M. tuberculosis en líquido pleural o muestras de biopsia pleural. El tratamiento recomendado para TPE es un régimen con isoniazida, rifampicina y pirazinamida durante dos meses, seguido de cuatro meses de dos medicamentos, isoniazida y rifampicina. El diagnóstico se infiere con frecuencia en pacientes que presentan un exudado predominante linfocítico y un nivel alto de adenosina desaminasa (ADA), que es un valioso complemento en la evaluación diagnóstica. El Ecuador al ser una zona endémica de tuberculosis, es necesario conocer las principales complicaciones que esto pueda traer, al momento no se han reportado datos actualizados sobre el derrame pleural de origen tubérculoso, nuestro trabajo de titulación de forma retrospectiva, analítica, observacional e indirecta con 80 pacientes, hombres (48%), mayores de 36 años en el 63%, económicamente bajos (65%), el derrame pleural se presentó en el 100% de los casos siendo grado III en 38%, cuyo principal síntoma al ingreso fue de disnea y dolor torácico con menos de 2 semanas de evolución; presento una prevalencia de derrame pleural tuberculoso de 24,3% durante el periodo 2017.
Although curable, tuberculosis remains one of the most frequent causes of pleural effusions worldwide, especially in developing countries. The pleural tubercular spillage is one of the most common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. TPE in general appears as an acute disease with fever, cough and pleuritic pain in the chest. The treatment recommended of TPE is a regimen with isoniazida, rifampicina and pirazinamida for two months followed by four months of two medicines, isoniazida and rifampicina. Diagnosis is often inferred in patients with a predominantly lymphocytic exudate and a high level of adenosine deaminase (ADA), which is a valuable complement in the diagnostic evaluation. Ecuador is an endemic area of tuberculosis, it is necessary to know the main complications that this can generate. At the moment no updated data have been reported on the pleural effusion of tubercle origin, our retrospective, analytical, observational and indirect titration work with 80 patients, men (53%), older than 36 years in 63%, economically low (65%), the pleural effusion ocurred in 100% of the cases being grade III in 38% whose main symptom at admission was dyspnea and chest pain with less than 2 weeks of evolution, had a prevalence of tuberculous pleural effusion is 24.3% during the period 2017.
Although curable, tuberculosis remains one of the most frequent causes of pleural effusions worldwide, especially in developing countries. The pleural tubercular spillage is one of the most common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. TPE in general appears as an acute disease with fever, cough and pleuritic pain in the chest. The treatment recommended of TPE is a regimen with isoniazida, rifampicina and pirazinamida for two months followed by four months of two medicines, isoniazida and rifampicina. Diagnosis is often inferred in patients with a predominantly lymphocytic exudate and a high level of adenosine deaminase (ADA), which is a valuable complement in the diagnostic evaluation. Ecuador is an endemic area of tuberculosis, it is necessary to know the main complications that this can generate. At the moment no updated data have been reported on the pleural effusion of tubercle origin, our retrospective, analytical, observational and indirect titration work with 80 patients, men (53%), older than 36 years in 63%, economically low (65%), the pleural effusion ocurred in 100% of the cases being grade III in 38% whose main symptom at admission was dyspnea and chest pain with less than 2 weeks of evolution, had a prevalence of tuberculous pleural effusion is 24.3% during the period 2017.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Tuberculosis, Derrame pleural, Epidemiología analítica, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Prevalencia, Adulto joven, Adulto