Prevalencia de síndrome hepato-renal en paciente con cirrosis hepática en el Hospital Docente de Especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón desde enero del 2015 a diciembre del 2017
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Objetivo: el principal objetivo de nuestro trabajo de investigación fue identificar la
prevalencia, y los factores de riesgos ocasionados por el Síndrome Hepatorrenal en los
pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Docente de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert
Pontón.
Metodología: Nuestro trabajo se realizó utilizando el método descriptivo,
observacional, de diseño no experimental (longitudinal, transversal) retrospectivo.
Tomando en cuenta que los datos obtenidos para esta investigación se los obtuvo
revisando las evoluciones médicas que se encuentran en la historia clínica de los
pacientes, y una vez que se tuvieron todas las variables a estudiar se procedió a
procesarlas y tabularlas en Microsoft Excel. Se revisaron 486 carpetas de los cuales solo
ingresaron a nuestro estudio 150 pacientes que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión.
Resultados: Obtuvimos como resultados que la gran mayoría de los pacientes fueron
ingresados por el área de emergencia y una pequeña cantidad por el área de consulta
externa, los cuales no fueron ingresados por sintomatología correspondiente al
Síndrome Hepatorrenal, sino por síntomas de otras patologías y los cuales durante el
periodo de hospitalización fueron desarrollando dicha sintomatología de este síndrome,
siendo diagnosticadas en ese momento y cuando salieron de alta médica fueron ya
diagnosticados y los cuales tenían controles periódicos para evitar las complicaciones.
Teniendo como incidencia que es una patología que mayormente afecta al sexo
masculino ya que la mayoría de nuestros pacientes referían el consumo excesivo de
alcohol desde una edad temprana.
Conclusiones: Concluyendo con nuestro estudio pudimos evidenciar que mayormente
se da esta patología se dio en el sexo masculino, como complicación de la cirrosis en una
etapa terminal cuyo único tratamiento es el trasplante. Además estos pacientes
pertenencian a la zona rural indicando que no asistían periódicamente a sus citas con el
especialista ya que no contaban con recursos para viajar a la ciudad y que también por
motivos de trabajo no lo hacían, en su gran mayoría estos pacientes llegaron al área de
emergencia por otra causa y a medida que fueron hospitalizados se pudo diagnosticas
Síndrome Hepatorrenal, el cual tiene una sintomatología inespecífica muy variada como
alteraciones mentales, aumento de peso, ictericia entre otras, y sus complicaciones que
pudimos constatar durante el estudio fueron hemorragia digestiva alta y baja, falla renal
crónica, encefalopatía hepática, entre otras.
Objective: the main objective of our research work was to identify the prevalence and the risk factors caused by the Hepatorrenal Syndrome in patients treated at the Specialist Teaching Hospital Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontoon. Methodology: Our work was carried out using the descriptive, observational, non-experimental (longitudinal, transversal) retrospective design method. Taking into account that the data obtained for this research was obtained by reviewing the medical evolutions found in the patients' medical records, and once all the variables were studied, they were processed and tabulated in Microsoft Excel. We reviewed 486 folders of which only 150 patients who met the inclusion criteria entered our study. Results: We obtained as a result that the vast majority of patients were admitted through the emergency area and a small amount through the outpatient area, who were not admitted due to symptoms corresponding to Hepatorrenal Syndrome, but due to symptoms of other pathologies and symptoms. During the period of hospitalization they were developing this symptomatology of this syndrome, being diagnosed at that moment and when they left medical discharge they were already diagnosed and which had periodic controls to avoid complications. Taking as an incidence it is a pathology that mostly affects the male sex since most of our patients referred to excessive alcohol consumption from an early age. Conclusions: Concluding with our study we could see that this pathology occurs mostly in the male sex, as a complication of cirrhosis in a terminal stage whose only treatment is transplantation. In addition these patients belong to the rural area indicating that they did not attend their appointments periodically with the specialist since they did not have the resources to travel to the city and that also for work reasons they did not do it, in their great majority these patients came to the area of emergency due to another cause and as they were hospitalized it was possible to diagnose Hepatorrenal Syndrome, which has a very different non-specific symptomatology such as mental alterations, weight gain, jaundice among others, and its complications that we could observe during the study were high digestive hemorrhage and low, chronic renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy, among others.
Objective: the main objective of our research work was to identify the prevalence and the risk factors caused by the Hepatorrenal Syndrome in patients treated at the Specialist Teaching Hospital Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontoon. Methodology: Our work was carried out using the descriptive, observational, non-experimental (longitudinal, transversal) retrospective design method. Taking into account that the data obtained for this research was obtained by reviewing the medical evolutions found in the patients' medical records, and once all the variables were studied, they were processed and tabulated in Microsoft Excel. We reviewed 486 folders of which only 150 patients who met the inclusion criteria entered our study. Results: We obtained as a result that the vast majority of patients were admitted through the emergency area and a small amount through the outpatient area, who were not admitted due to symptoms corresponding to Hepatorrenal Syndrome, but due to symptoms of other pathologies and symptoms. During the period of hospitalization they were developing this symptomatology of this syndrome, being diagnosed at that moment and when they left medical discharge they were already diagnosed and which had periodic controls to avoid complications. Taking as an incidence it is a pathology that mostly affects the male sex since most of our patients referred to excessive alcohol consumption from an early age. Conclusions: Concluding with our study we could see that this pathology occurs mostly in the male sex, as a complication of cirrhosis in a terminal stage whose only treatment is transplantation. In addition these patients belong to the rural area indicating that they did not attend their appointments periodically with the specialist since they did not have the resources to travel to the city and that also for work reasons they did not do it, in their great majority these patients came to the area of emergency due to another cause and as they were hospitalized it was possible to diagnose Hepatorrenal Syndrome, which has a very different non-specific symptomatology such as mental alterations, weight gain, jaundice among others, and its complications that we could observe during the study were high digestive hemorrhage and low, chronic renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy, among others.
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SINDROME HEPATORRENAL, EPIDEMOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES GUAYAQUIL DR. ABEL GILBERT PONTON, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, CIRROSIS HEPATICA, PREVALENCIA, FACTORES DE RIESGO