Factores de riesgo y complicaciones de la sepsis neonatal temprana en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante, periodo 2016
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La sepsis neonatal es una situación clínica que se deriva de la invasión y proliferación de una bacteria, virus u hongos en el torrente sanguíneo del recién nacido, que se manifiesta dentro de los primeros 28 días de vida, se incluyen en este grupo a los casos de sepsis diagnosticados después de esta edad en los neonatos de muy bajo peso. Objetivos: Determinar mediante un estudio observacional indirecto los factores de riesgo y complicaciones asociados a la sepsis neonatal temprana, en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante en el período 2016. Materiales y métodos: El trabajo de estudio se basa en un enfoque cuantitativo que comprende la determinación de los factores de riesgo de la Sepsis neonatal temprana, el diseño es de tipo no experimental con corte transversal, el método es observacional y analítico. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: con una muestra de 135 pacientes diagnosticados, cumpliendo ciertos criterios. Se evidenció una mayor incidencia de la Sepsis Neonatal Temprana con un 69% contra un 15% de la Sepsis Neonatal Tardía, la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo tanto materno como neonatal, se obtuvo un porcentaje igual entre ambos, con un 39%. Principales complicaciones las respiratorias con un 63%. Conclusión: las infecciones neonatales tienen una gran incidencia y debido a varios factores predisponentes ya sean propios del recién nacido o de la madre, puede avanzar a un estado séptico. Entre la SNT y la de origen tardío fue la primera la que tuvo mayor incidencia, los neonatos que tenían menos de 3 días de vida son los que en mayor porcentaje fueron ingresados.
Neonatal sepsis is a clinical situation that results from the invasion and proliferation of a bacterium, virus or fungi in the blood stream of the newborn, which manifests itself within the first 28 days of life. Of sepsis diagnosed after this age in very low birth weight infants. Objectives: To determine, through an indirect observational study, the risk factors and complications associated with early neonatal sepsis at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in the period 2016. Materials and methods: The study work is based on a quantitative approach that includes the determination of risk factors for early neonatal sepsis, the design is non-experimental with cross-sectional, the method is observational and analytical. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Results: with a sample of 135 patients diagnosed, meeting certain criteria. A higher incidence of Early Neonatal Sepsis was found with 69% versus 15% of Late Neonatal Sepsis. the prevalence of maternal and neonatal risk factors was equal, with 39%. Main respiratory complications with 63%. Conclusion: neonatal infections have a high incidence and due to several factors predisposing to the newborn or the mother, can progress to a septic state. Early neonatal sepsis and late-onset sepsis were the first to have the highest incidence, neonates who had less than 3 days of life were the ones with the highest percentage who were admitted.
Neonatal sepsis is a clinical situation that results from the invasion and proliferation of a bacterium, virus or fungi in the blood stream of the newborn, which manifests itself within the first 28 days of life. Of sepsis diagnosed after this age in very low birth weight infants. Objectives: To determine, through an indirect observational study, the risk factors and complications associated with early neonatal sepsis at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in the period 2016. Materials and methods: The study work is based on a quantitative approach that includes the determination of risk factors for early neonatal sepsis, the design is non-experimental with cross-sectional, the method is observational and analytical. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Results: with a sample of 135 patients diagnosed, meeting certain criteria. A higher incidence of Early Neonatal Sepsis was found with 69% versus 15% of Late Neonatal Sepsis. the prevalence of maternal and neonatal risk factors was equal, with 39%. Main respiratory complications with 63%. Conclusion: neonatal infections have a high incidence and due to several factors predisposing to the newborn or the mother, can progress to a septic state. Early neonatal sepsis and late-onset sepsis were the first to have the highest incidence, neonates who had less than 3 days of life were the ones with the highest percentage who were admitted.
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Sepsis neonatal, Factores de riesgo, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador