Factores de riesgo y complicaciones de preeclampsia, estudio realizado en el Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montenegro de Guaranda, período 2012-2016
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La Preeclampsia es una de las complicaciones más preocupantes durante el embarazo, ésta patología que tiene origen desconocido y está asociada a múltiples factores de riesgo, constituye uno de los principales problemas de Salud Pública en nuestro país, que cobra grandes repercusiones en la práctica obstétrica-perinatal. La preeclampsia es la segunda causa de muerte materna en el Ecuador según el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos. Este tipo de hipertensión en el embarazo constituye un amplio espectro de alteraciones en muchos sistemas, que producen consecuencias en el binomio madre-feto, y predisponen a una mayor morbi- mortalidad materna, fetal y neonatal.
El fin de la investigación es servir de herramienta de apoyo para profesionales de la salud que tienen la responsabilidad de atención de embarazadas mediante el reconocimiento de los principales factores predisponentes para desarrollar preeclampsia en mujeres jóvenes, clasificación de pacientes en riesgo y servir de ayuda para la prevención de complicaciones. Este estudio se realizó el Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montenegro, entre los objetivos que se plantearon fueron: determinar la incidencia de preeclampsia en el grupo de estudio, identificar principales factores predisponentes asociados y las consecuencias materno-fetales causadas por la misma.
Los materiales y métodos utilizados, en éste trabajo están basados en un estudio Retrospectivo, Descriptivo no experimental. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas da cada paciente atendida en el área de ginecología con diagnóstico de preeclampsia entre 15 - 30 años en el periodo establecido. Se procedió de forma minuciosa con la recolección de datos de las historias clínicas mediante formulario.
Finalmente de acuerdo a los resultados se planteó una propuesta para contribuir a la educación de las pacientes jóvenes en riesgo.
Preeclampsia is one of the most troubling complications during pregnancy, this pathology of unknown origin and is associated with multiple risk factors; it constitutes one of the major public health problems in our country, which charges a major impact in practice obstetric- perinatal. Preeclampsia is the second leading cause of maternal death in Ecuador according to the National Institute of Statistics and Census. This type of hypertension in pregnancy is a broad spectrum of alterations in many systems, which produce consequences in the binomial mother-fetus, and predispose to increased maternal morbidity, fetal and neonatal mortality. The purpose of research is to serve as a support tool for health professionals who are responsible for care of pregnant by recognizing the main predisposing factors for developing preeclampsia in young women, classifying patients at risk and assist for prevention of complications. Determine the incidence of preeclampsia in the study group, identify major predisposing factors associated with maternal and fetal consequences caused by the same: This study Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montenegro, the objectives that were raised were performed. The materials and methods used in this work are based on a retrospective, descriptive non-experimental study. Data were obtained from medical records gives each patient treated in the field of gynecology diagnosed with preeclampsia between 15 to 30 years in the period established. We proceed thoroughly with data collection from medical records by form.Finally according to the results a proposal was raised to contribute to the education of young patients at risk.
Preeclampsia is one of the most troubling complications during pregnancy, this pathology of unknown origin and is associated with multiple risk factors; it constitutes one of the major public health problems in our country, which charges a major impact in practice obstetric- perinatal. Preeclampsia is the second leading cause of maternal death in Ecuador according to the National Institute of Statistics and Census. This type of hypertension in pregnancy is a broad spectrum of alterations in many systems, which produce consequences in the binomial mother-fetus, and predispose to increased maternal morbidity, fetal and neonatal mortality. The purpose of research is to serve as a support tool for health professionals who are responsible for care of pregnant by recognizing the main predisposing factors for developing preeclampsia in young women, classifying patients at risk and assist for prevention of complications. Determine the incidence of preeclampsia in the study group, identify major predisposing factors associated with maternal and fetal consequences caused by the same: This study Hospital Alfredo Noboa Montenegro, the objectives that were raised were performed. The materials and methods used in this work are based on a retrospective, descriptive non-experimental study. Data were obtained from medical records gives each patient treated in the field of gynecology diagnosed with preeclampsia between 15 to 30 years in the period established. We proceed thoroughly with data collection from medical records by form.Finally according to the results a proposal was raised to contribute to the education of young patients at risk.
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Preeclampsia, Síndrome Hellp, Complicaciones del embarazo, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital General Alfredo Noboa Montenegro, Cantón Guaranda, Ecuador, Embarazo