Protocolo quirúrgico odontológico de cirugía bucal aplicable a las mujeres embarazadas
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2013-06-21
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El embarazo es una condición normal que experimenta la mujer, sin embargo es un proceso que amerita cuidado, sobre todo al momento de exponerlas a radiaciones, procesos contaminantes e infecciosos y a administrar medicamentos y ciertos alimentos. Es menester del futuro profesional en odontología conocer también esta etapa de embarazo en el cual se presentan cambios físicos psíquicos y metabólicos; para valorar a una paciente en estado de gestación y que al momento de ser atendida la paciente, sepamos el manejo odontológico y farmacológico, teniendo la seguridad de un porcentaje alto de confiabilidad de no comprometer la salud de la paciente ni la del feto.
Uno de los temores más grandes de la mujer embarazada es asistir a consulta odontológica y correr el riesgo de sufrir hemorragias sobre todo las que padecen de presión arterial alta, desconfianza a la acción farmacológica de los anestésicos, temor a las iatrogenias que hayan sido objetos algunas embarazadas, estos son mitos o verdades que se han difundido por generaciones por diferentes medios.
Estos conocimientos nos permitirán reconocer cualquier anomalía e identificar previamente alguna morbilidad en el proceso de la valoración y realizar la cirugía dental con cautela. La transición que experimenta la mujer en cuanto a su fisiología, implican alteraciones como la elevación de secreción hormonal tal es el caso de los estrógenos que aumentan 30 veces más de lo normal y la progesterona 10, en comparación con lo que ocurre en el ciclo sexual normal de la mujer.
La influencia hormonal actúa como una respuesta inflamatoria intensa con un aumento en la permeabilidad vascular y la exudación, que provoca el éxtasis de la microcirculación, lo cual favorece la filtración de líquidos en los tejidos perivasculares. Se sugiere que la progesterona funciona como
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un inmunosupresor en los tejidos gingivales de mujeres embarazadas previniendo el tipo agudo-rápido de reacción inflamatoria contra la placa, pero permitiendo un tipo crónico creciente de reacción del tejido, que da lugar clínicamente a un aspecto exagerado de la inflamación. Otros estudios han evidenciado que muchas veces, a pesar del control de la placa y demás factores de riesgo, está implícita la inflamación gingival, que da como respuesta que existe una disminución de las células T, lo cual sugiere que esta depresión sea un factor en la sensibilidad alterada de los tejidos gingivales.
Pregnancy is a normal condition that women experience , however it is a process that deserves careful, especially when exposing them to radiation , pollutants and infectious processes and administer medications and certain foods. You need professional future in dentistry also know this stage of pregnancy in which mental and physical metabolic changes occur , to assess a patient in gestation and at the time they attended the patient, know the dental and pharmacological management , having the security of a high percentage of reliability not compromise the health of the patient or fetus. One of the greatest fears of the pregnant woman 's attending dentist, and the risk of bleeding especially those with high blood pressure, distrust of the pharmacological action of anesthetics, fear of iatrogenic some objects that have been pregnant , these are myths or truths that have circulated for generations by different means. This knowledge will allow us to recognize any abnormalities and identify some previously morbidity in the appraisal process and perform dental surgery with caution. The transition experienced by women in their physiology, involve alterations such as elevated hormone secretion as in the case of estrogen to increase 30 times more than normal and progesterone 10 compared with what happens in the sexual cycle normal women. The hormonal influence acts as an intense inflammatory response with increased vascular permeability and exudation , which causes the ecstasy of the microcirculation , which favors fluid filtration in the perivascular tissues. It is suggested that progesterone acts as 2 an immunosuppressant in the gingival tissues of pregnant women - fast preventing acute inflammatory reaction against the plate , while allowing an increased rate of chronic tissue reaction which leads to a clinically exaggerated appearance of inflammation. Other studies have shown that often , despite the plaque control and other risk factors, gingival inflammation is implicit , which gives response that there is a decrease in T cells , suggesting that this depression is a factor in altered sensitivity of the gingival tissues.
Pregnancy is a normal condition that women experience , however it is a process that deserves careful, especially when exposing them to radiation , pollutants and infectious processes and administer medications and certain foods. You need professional future in dentistry also know this stage of pregnancy in which mental and physical metabolic changes occur , to assess a patient in gestation and at the time they attended the patient, know the dental and pharmacological management , having the security of a high percentage of reliability not compromise the health of the patient or fetus. One of the greatest fears of the pregnant woman 's attending dentist, and the risk of bleeding especially those with high blood pressure, distrust of the pharmacological action of anesthetics, fear of iatrogenic some objects that have been pregnant , these are myths or truths that have circulated for generations by different means. This knowledge will allow us to recognize any abnormalities and identify some previously morbidity in the appraisal process and perform dental surgery with caution. The transition experienced by women in their physiology, involve alterations such as elevated hormone secretion as in the case of estrogen to increase 30 times more than normal and progesterone 10 compared with what happens in the sexual cycle normal women. The hormonal influence acts as an intense inflammatory response with increased vascular permeability and exudation , which causes the ecstasy of the microcirculation , which favors fluid filtration in the perivascular tissues. It is suggested that progesterone acts as 2 an immunosuppressant in the gingival tissues of pregnant women - fast preventing acute inflammatory reaction against the plate , while allowing an increased rate of chronic tissue reaction which leads to a clinically exaggerated appearance of inflammation. Other studies have shown that often , despite the plaque control and other risk factors, gingival inflammation is implicit , which gives response that there is a decrease in T cells , suggesting that this depression is a factor in altered sensitivity of the gingival tissues.
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CIRUGIA BUCO-MAXILOFACIAL, ATENCION ODONTOLOGICA, MUJERES EMBARAZADAS