Evaluación de la recolección y disposición de las aguas residuales de la Población “El Carmen” Cantón Samborondón y propuesta de un sistema alternativo.
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas y Físicas. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil.
Resumen
Las poblaciones rurales, carentes de infraestructura sanitaria, con el tiempo contaminan las fuentes hídricas que bordean la zona donde residen, al incrementar la población, evitan que las aguas puedan depurarse, aumentando los contaminantes de los cuerpos receptores de agua dulce.
En la población “El Carmen”, Cantón Samborondón, sitio donde se ha realizado la investigación, carecen de infraestructura sanitaria, por lo que el vertido de aguas residuales domésticas a los cuerpos receptores perimetrales del sector, constituye un problema ambiental y de salud pública; debido a que en la mayoría de ocasiones éstas contienen un sin número de compuestos orgánicos, y microrganismos patógenos que alteran la calidad del líquido vital y convierten a este recurso en una posible fuente de enfermedades para la población.
Se ha justificado el diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario y su descarga en una Planta de Tratamiento, porque es una alternativa de solución a los graves problemas sanitarios que ocurren en el lugar, además de mitigar la contaminación de las fuentes receptoras de agua, conservando y protegiendo el medio ambiente rural, y de esta manera pueda elevarse la calidad de vida de los habitantes de esta población de la Provincia del Guayas.
En el diseño del sistema de alcantarillado y la planta de tratamiento, se han tomado en cuenta los factores ambientales, económicos y sociales, de manera que se genere un efluente que cumpla las normativas ambientales vigentes en el Ecuador.
Rural populations, lacking sanitary infrastructure, over time contaminate the water sources that border the area where they reside, increasing population, prevent water from being purified, increasing the contaminants of bodies receiving fresh water. In the "El Carmen" population, Canton Samborondón, where the research was carried out, lack sanitary infrastructure, so that the discharge of domestic wastewater to the perimetral receiving bodies of the sector constitutes an environmental and public health problem; because in most cases they contain a number of organic compounds, and pathogenic microorganisms that alter the quality of vital fluid and make this resource a possible source of disease for the population. The design of the sanitary sewer system and its discharge in a Treatment Plant has been justified because it is an alternative solution to the serious sanitary problems that occur in the place, in addition to mitigating the contamination of the sources receiving water, conserving and protecting the rural environment, and in this way can raise the quality of life of the inhabitants of this population of the Province of Guayas. In the design of the sewage system and the treatment plant, environmental, economic and social factors have been taken into account, in order to generate an effluent that complies with environmental regulations in force in Ecuador.
Rural populations, lacking sanitary infrastructure, over time contaminate the water sources that border the area where they reside, increasing population, prevent water from being purified, increasing the contaminants of bodies receiving fresh water. In the "El Carmen" population, Canton Samborondón, where the research was carried out, lack sanitary infrastructure, so that the discharge of domestic wastewater to the perimetral receiving bodies of the sector constitutes an environmental and public health problem; because in most cases they contain a number of organic compounds, and pathogenic microorganisms that alter the quality of vital fluid and make this resource a possible source of disease for the population. The design of the sanitary sewer system and its discharge in a Treatment Plant has been justified because it is an alternative solution to the serious sanitary problems that occur in the place, in addition to mitigating the contamination of the sources receiving water, conserving and protecting the rural environment, and in this way can raise the quality of life of the inhabitants of this population of the Province of Guayas. In the design of the sewage system and the treatment plant, environmental, economic and social factors have been taken into account, in order to generate an effluent that complies with environmental regulations in force in Ecuador.
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Palabras clave
AGUA, POTABLE, ALCANTARILLADO, SANITARIO, TUBERÍAS|