Aplicación de un modelo heuristico difuso para apoyo a la toma de decisiones en la evaluacion de daños estructurales post sismico de un edificio de la Universidad de Guayaquil.
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas y Físicas. Carrera de Ingeniería En Sistemas Computacionales
Resumen
Ecuador se encuentra localizado en una zona de amenaza sísmica alta por lo que se vuelve necesario el estudio de los daños post-sísmicos en las estructuras de las edificaciones del país luego de ocurrido un movimiento telúrico. Las técnicas de evaluaciones de daños actuales en el área de ingeniería civil se basan en resultados cualitativos, lo que es vulnerable a criterios subjetivos o contradictorios, por esta razón se sugiere que las inspecciones sean realizadas por expertos con experiencia y completamente capacitados, sin embargo, cuando ocurre un desastre de este tipo no se cuenta con el personal certificado suficiente por lo que se acude a profesionales sin la experiencia para realizar las evaluaciones y esto involucra que las decisiones finales que se tomen no sean las más acertadas. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo final evaluar el comportamiento de daños estructurales post sismo de un edifico mediante la aplicación de un modelo heurístico-difuso para soporte en la toma de decisiones a los expertos. Para el modelo hibrido se utiliza la metodología AHP para determinar los pesos relativos de los grupos de variables de evaluación, consiste en un método heurístico basado en la experiencia de expertos sobre un tema específico y esto combinado con técnicas de lógica difusa permitirán trabajar directamente con los valores cuantitativos de los datos, proporcionando así resultados más precisos que servirán como ayuda en la toma de decisiones. Una vez ingresados los datos correspondientes al daño en los elementos estructurales, elementos no estructurales, y datos relacionados al tipo de suelo, se obtiene el índice de daño global estructural, no estructural y condiciones de suelo, la habitabilidad del edificio se determina mediante la aplicación de reglas difusas basado en inferencia de Mamdani. Como resultado final, el edificio evaluado tiene una afectación de habitabilidad en un “50%”.
Ecuador is located in an area of high seismic hazard, so it becomes necessary to study the post-seismic damage in the structures of the country's buildings after a telluric movement has occurred. The current damage assessment techniques in the area of civil engineering are based on qualitative results, which is vulnerable to subjective or contradictory criteria, for this reason it is suggested that the inspections be carried out by experienced and fully trained experts, however, When a disaster of this type occurs, there is not enough certified staff so that professionals without the experience are used to perform the evaluations and this implies that the final decisions that are made are not the most appropriate. The aim of this research work is to evaluate the behavior of post-earthquake structural damage in a building through the application of a heuristic-diffuse model to support decision-making experts. For the hybrid model the AHP methodology is used to determine the relative weights of the groups of evaluation variables, it consists of a heuristic method based on the experience of experts on a specific topic and this combined with fuzzy logic techniques will allow working directly with the quantitative values of the data, thus providing more accurate results that will serve as help in making decisions. Once the data corresponding to the damage to the structural elements, non-structural elements, and data related to the type of soil is entered, the overall structural, non-structural damage index and soil conditions are obtained, the habitability of the building is determined by the application of fuzzy rules based on inference from Mamdani. As a final result, the evaluated building has a habitability affectation in a "50%".
Ecuador is located in an area of high seismic hazard, so it becomes necessary to study the post-seismic damage in the structures of the country's buildings after a telluric movement has occurred. The current damage assessment techniques in the area of civil engineering are based on qualitative results, which is vulnerable to subjective or contradictory criteria, for this reason it is suggested that the inspections be carried out by experienced and fully trained experts, however, When a disaster of this type occurs, there is not enough certified staff so that professionals without the experience are used to perform the evaluations and this implies that the final decisions that are made are not the most appropriate. The aim of this research work is to evaluate the behavior of post-earthquake structural damage in a building through the application of a heuristic-diffuse model to support decision-making experts. For the hybrid model the AHP methodology is used to determine the relative weights of the groups of evaluation variables, it consists of a heuristic method based on the experience of experts on a specific topic and this combined with fuzzy logic techniques will allow working directly with the quantitative values of the data, thus providing more accurate results that will serve as help in making decisions. Once the data corresponding to the damage to the structural elements, non-structural elements, and data related to the type of soil is entered, the overall structural, non-structural damage index and soil conditions are obtained, the habitability of the building is determined by the application of fuzzy rules based on inference from Mamdani. As a final result, the evaluated building has a habitability affectation in a "50%".
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Lógica Difusa, Heurística, Daños Sísmicos, Habitabilidad De Edificios, Evaluación Post Sísmica, Toma De Decisiones