Asma bronquial en menores de 5 años en Hospital Francisco Icaza entre 2014-2015
Fecha
2017
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: El asma es un padecimiento bronquial de carácter crónico que inicia por lo general en la niñez, y que posee un impacto en la calidad de vida, al mismo tiempo altera el medio familiar por lo cual constituye un serio problema de salud pública. Los síntomas de asma son similares en cualquier edad, sin embargo, existen en la infancia rasgos que la distinguen de la forma del adulto. Las diferencias son más relevantes en el lactante y el preescolar y afectan al diagnóstico, a la valoración de la gravedad, al grado de control, a la evolución y al tratamiento. Objetivo: Determinar la importancia de un control adecuado del asma bronquial en niños menores de 5 años en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante en el año 2014-2015. Métodos: El presente estudio de investigación descriptiva tiene un enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y retrospectivo, aplicado en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante en el periodo 2014-2015. Resultados: El universo corresponde a 173 pacientes con diagnóstico de asma bronquial atendidos en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante durante el periodo de Enero del 2014 a Enero del 2015.Se tomó la muestra de 81 pacientes menores de 5 años atendidos en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante sometidos a criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Conclusión: Mediante estos resultados puedo concluir que no existe un adecuado control de asma bronquial en niños menores de 5 años, porque no se ha brindado la información necesaria a los padres y familiares sobre los factores de riesgo asociados a esta enfermedad. Que existe un mayor número de reingresos hospitalarios que afectan la calidad de vida del paciente y sus actividades diarias así como su entorno social.
Introduction: Asthma is a chronic bronchial disease that usually begins in childhood and has an impact on the quality of life, at the same time alters the family environment and therefore constitutes a serious public health problem. The symptoms of asthma are similar at any age, however, there are in the background features that distinguish it from the adult form. Differences are more relevant in infants and preschoolers and affect the diagnosis, the assessment of severity, the degree of control, evolution and treatment. Objective: To determine the importance of adequate control of bronchial asthma in children under 5 years of age at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in 2014-2015. Methods: This descriptive research study has a quantitative, non - experimental, cross - sectional and retrospective design approach applied at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in the period 2014-2015. Results: The universe corresponds to 173 patients with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma treated at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital during the period from January 2014 to January 2015. A sample of 81 patients under 5 years of age was attended at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital Subject to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Conclusion: Through these results, I can conclude that there is no adequate control of bronchial asthma in children under 5 years of age, because the necessary information has not been provided to parents and relatives about the risk factors associated with this disease. There is a greater number of hospital readmissions that affect the quality of life of the patient and their daily activities as well as their social environment.
Introduction: Asthma is a chronic bronchial disease that usually begins in childhood and has an impact on the quality of life, at the same time alters the family environment and therefore constitutes a serious public health problem. The symptoms of asthma are similar at any age, however, there are in the background features that distinguish it from the adult form. Differences are more relevant in infants and preschoolers and affect the diagnosis, the assessment of severity, the degree of control, evolution and treatment. Objective: To determine the importance of adequate control of bronchial asthma in children under 5 years of age at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in 2014-2015. Methods: This descriptive research study has a quantitative, non - experimental, cross - sectional and retrospective design approach applied at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in the period 2014-2015. Results: The universe corresponds to 173 patients with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma treated at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital during the period from January 2014 to January 2015. A sample of 81 patients under 5 years of age was attended at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital Subject to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Conclusion: Through these results, I can conclude that there is no adequate control of bronchial asthma in children under 5 years of age, because the necessary information has not been provided to parents and relatives about the risk factors associated with this disease. There is a greater number of hospital readmissions that affect the quality of life of the patient and their daily activities as well as their social environment.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Asma, Pediatría, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador