Prevalencia de preeclampsia en mujeres de 16-20 años que acuden a Hospital Mariana de Jesús entre enero-diciembre del 2016
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La preeclampsia es un síndrome multisistémico de etiología desconocida que forma parte de un espectro de trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo, que constituyen una causa importante de muerte materna en el Ecuador y en la mayor parte de los países latinoamericanos. Esta enfermedad afecta de preferencia a las nulíparas. El objetivo de esta investigación tiene como propósito identificar principales factores de riesgos asociados a esta patología y el cumplimiento del manejo de estas pacientes según las normas del Ministerio de Salud Pública. El material y métodos se basaron en un estudio de tipo Descriptivo, Retrospectivo, no experimental. Los documentos en los que se basó la recolección de datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas de las pacientes embarazas que se atendieron en el Hospital Mariana de Jesús, con diagnóstico de preeclampsia en el período establecido desde “Enero – Diciembre 2016” el universo es de 525 pacientes embarazadas y de las cuales 48 casos fueron de preeclampsia. Concluyo diciendo que la frecuencia de la Preeclampsia se da con mayor frecuencia en las embarazadas de 18 a 19 años siendo que la preeclampsia ocupando una prevalencia del 18% en el Hospital Mariana de Jesús durante el periodo de enero-diciembre del 2016, asociada fuertemente a factores de riesgos como el antecedente personal de esta patología en embarazos anteriores, la primigravidez, la falta de controles prenatales.
Preeclampsia is a multisystemic syndrome of unknown etiology that is part of a spectrum of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which constitute an important cause of maternal death in Ecuador and in most Latin American countries. This disease affects preferably the nulliparous ones. The objective of this research is to identify the main risk factors associated with the pathology and compliance of patients' management according to the norms of the Ministry of Public Health. The material and methods were based on a descriptive, retrospective, non-experimental study. The documents on which data collection was based were obtained from the clinical records of pregnant patients who were attended at the Mariana de Jesús Hospital, with a diagnosis of preeclampsia in "January - December 2016" 525 pregnant patients and of which 48 cases were of preeclampsia. I conclude that the frequency of preeclampsia is higher in pregnant women 18 to 19 years than preeclampsia, which occupies a prevalence of 18% in the Hospital Mariana de Jesus during the period of January-December 2016, strongly associated with Risk factors such as the personal history of this pathology in previous pregnancies, primigravity, lack of prenatal controls.
Preeclampsia is a multisystemic syndrome of unknown etiology that is part of a spectrum of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which constitute an important cause of maternal death in Ecuador and in most Latin American countries. This disease affects preferably the nulliparous ones. The objective of this research is to identify the main risk factors associated with the pathology and compliance of patients' management according to the norms of the Ministry of Public Health. The material and methods were based on a descriptive, retrospective, non-experimental study. The documents on which data collection was based were obtained from the clinical records of pregnant patients who were attended at the Mariana de Jesús Hospital, with a diagnosis of preeclampsia in "January - December 2016" 525 pregnant patients and of which 48 cases were of preeclampsia. I conclude that the frequency of preeclampsia is higher in pregnant women 18 to 19 years than preeclampsia, which occupies a prevalence of 18% in the Hospital Mariana de Jesus during the period of January-December 2016, strongly associated with Risk factors such as the personal history of this pathology in previous pregnancies, primigravity, lack of prenatal controls.
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Embarazo, Preeclampsia, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Especializado Mariana de Jesús, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador