Evaluación del rendimiento energético de una edificación y propuesta de mejoramiento a través de la arquitectura pasiva.
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil: Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo
Resumen
Se desarrolla esta investigación a razón de demostrar como el uso de la arquitectura pasiva puede contribuir a la disminución del consumo de energía por climatización, en el funcionamiento de las edificaciones públicas administrativas educativas ubicadas en climas tropicales como el de Guayaquil. El trabajo consiste en evaluar energéticamente considerando las variables de carga térmica por ganancias solares, consumo de energía eléctrica y confort, a un edificio de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Guayaquil. La evaluación se realiza por medio de simulaciones con el software DesignBuilder. Los resultados de la evaluación muestran que la mayor carga térmica por ganancias solares se presenta en ventanas externas, cubiertas, y muros. En consecuencia, se elabora una propuesta de intervención sostenible en la edificación para mejorar su rendimiento energético, considerando aleros en ventanas, una cubierta verde, recubrimiento de muros y fachadas ventiladas. Al evaluar la propuesta de intervención sostenible, se evidencia en todos los casos una disminución de la carga térmica por ganancias solares y un ahorro anual de energía eléctrica del 24.56%.
This research is developed to demonstrate how the use of passive architecture can contribute to the reduction of energy consumption by air conditioning, in the operation of educational administrative public buildings located in tropical climates such as Guayaquil. This work consists in evaluating energetically considering the variables of thermal load for solar gains, electric power consumption and comfort, to a building of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of Guayaquil. The evaluation is carrying out through simulations with the DesignBuilder program. The results of the evaluation shows that the highest thermal load for solar gains occurs in external windows, roofs, and walls. Consequently, a proposal for sustainable intervention in the building is made to improve its energy efficiency, considering windows eaves, a green roof, wall covering and ventilated facades. When evaluating the proposal of sustainable intervention, it is evident in all the cases a reduction of the thermal load by solar gains and an annual saving of electric energy of 24.56%.
This research is developed to demonstrate how the use of passive architecture can contribute to the reduction of energy consumption by air conditioning, in the operation of educational administrative public buildings located in tropical climates such as Guayaquil. This work consists in evaluating energetically considering the variables of thermal load for solar gains, electric power consumption and comfort, to a building of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of Guayaquil. The evaluation is carrying out through simulations with the DesignBuilder program. The results of the evaluation shows that the highest thermal load for solar gains occurs in external windows, roofs, and walls. Consequently, a proposal for sustainable intervention in the building is made to improve its energy efficiency, considering windows eaves, a green roof, wall covering and ventilated facades. When evaluating the proposal of sustainable intervention, it is evident in all the cases a reduction of the thermal load by solar gains and an annual saving of electric energy of 24.56%.
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Palabras clave
RENDIMIENTO ENERGÉTICO, EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA, ARQUITECTURA PASIVA, PROTECCIÓN SOLAR, CUBIERTAS VERDES, FACHADA VENTILADA