Evaluación de embarazos en adolescentes relacionados con parto eutósico versus cesárea estudio realizado en Hospital General Liborio Panchana Sotomayor en la provincia de Santa Elena 2014-2016
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La adolescencia es la etapa del desarrollo que señala el final de la niñez y el inicio de la vida adulta. El Embarazo en adolescencia se define como la gestación en una mujer con 19 y menos años de edad y constituye una problemática social. Su incidencia varía dependiendo de la región y del grado de desarrollo del país. Existe una controversia sobre la vía de parto ideal en la adolescente embarazada. Las indicaciones de cesáreas se pueden clasificar en absolutas y relativas, entendiéndose como absolutas aquellos casos en los cuales la cesárea es la única técnica a tener en cuenta como forma de terminación del parto; mientras que las relativas, son aquellas en que se elige la cesárea como la mejor alternativa en circunstancias en que se plantea también alguna otra opción. Se entiende por cesárea electiva aquella donde puede preverse con anticipación, mientras que la cesárea de urgencia se realiza cuando de forma súbita, por accidente en el embarazo o en el parto surgen las indicaciones. La preocupación parece legítima. No es comprensible que una intervención quirúrgica indicada en los albores del arte obstétrico como una alternativa de último recurso, se haya convertido con el transcurrir del tiempo y de la investigación médica, en una alternativa para que un ser humano venga a este mundo, utilizada tan o más frecuentemente que la ruta original y natural y sin que el realizar ese acto quirúrgico signifique ya más una mejoría de las condiciones de los niños al nacer. Es necesario responder entonces a varias interrogantes: Lo primero es establecer cuál o cuáles son las causas que han permitido este aumento, lo segundo es responder si este aumento debiera preocuparnos realmente, luego cuál o cuáles de los factores que participan en la decisión de una cesárea son éticamente lícitos y, por último, cuál o cuáles medidas serían éticamente lícitas para revertir esta situación.
La organización mundial de la salud establece que un máximo de 15% de todos los nacimientos deben ser cesáreas y esta Organización ubica al Ecuador como segundo en Latinoamérica, con el 41% de uso de cesáreas para el alumbramiento
The adolescence is the stage of development which marks the end of childhood and early adult life. Pregnancy in adolescence is defined as pregnancy in a woman with 19 and fewer years of age and is a social problem. Its incidence varies depending on the region and the degree of development of the country. There is a controversy over the way of ideal birth in pregnant teenager. The indications for cesareans can be classified into absolute and relative, understood as absolute those cases where caesarean section is the only technique to be considered as a form of termination of labor; while those for are those where caesarean section is chosen as the best alternative in circumstances where any other option also arises. It is understood that elective caesarean which can be provided in advance, while emergency Caesarean section is performed when suddenly, by accident during pregnancy or childbirth arise indications. The concern seems legitimate. It is understandable that surgery indicated at the beginning of obstetrical art as an alternative of last resort, has become with the passage of time and medical research, an alternative for a human being to come to this world, used as or more often than the original and natural and without performing the surgery route and means more improvement of the conditions of children at birth. It is therefore necessary to answer several questions: The first is to establish what or what are the causes that have led to this increase, the second is to answer whether this increase should really worry about, then which of the factors involved in the decision Cesarean they are ethically licit and finally, what or what measures would be ethically permissible to reverse this situation. The World Health Organization states that up to 15% of all births Caesarean sections should be located and this Organization to Ecuador as the second in Latin America, with 41% of use of Caesarean sections for delivery.
The adolescence is the stage of development which marks the end of childhood and early adult life. Pregnancy in adolescence is defined as pregnancy in a woman with 19 and fewer years of age and is a social problem. Its incidence varies depending on the region and the degree of development of the country. There is a controversy over the way of ideal birth in pregnant teenager. The indications for cesareans can be classified into absolute and relative, understood as absolute those cases where caesarean section is the only technique to be considered as a form of termination of labor; while those for are those where caesarean section is chosen as the best alternative in circumstances where any other option also arises. It is understood that elective caesarean which can be provided in advance, while emergency Caesarean section is performed when suddenly, by accident during pregnancy or childbirth arise indications. The concern seems legitimate. It is understandable that surgery indicated at the beginning of obstetrical art as an alternative of last resort, has become with the passage of time and medical research, an alternative for a human being to come to this world, used as or more often than the original and natural and without performing the surgery route and means more improvement of the conditions of children at birth. It is therefore necessary to answer several questions: The first is to establish what or what are the causes that have led to this increase, the second is to answer whether this increase should really worry about, then which of the factors involved in the decision Cesarean they are ethically licit and finally, what or what measures would be ethically permissible to reverse this situation. The World Health Organization states that up to 15% of all births Caesarean sections should be located and this Organization to Ecuador as the second in Latin America, with 41% of use of Caesarean sections for delivery.
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Parto normal, Cesárea, Hospital General Dr. Liborio Panchana Sotomayor, Cantón Santa Elena, Ecuador, Epidemiología descriptiva