Pie diabético, factores de riesgo en pacientes con úlcera estudio a realizarse en el Hospital Provincial Martín Icaza durante el período enero - octubre del 2015
Fecha
2016
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: El píe diabético es una de las complicaciones de la diabetes que constituye uno de los principales problemas de salud pública y social; además, es una de las principales causas de muerte en el Ecuador y el mundo. El propósito de esta investigación es servir de instrumento de apoyo para profesionales de la salud en cuanto al reconocimiento de los principales factores de riesgo en pacientes con úlcera de pie diabético.
Objetivos: Identificar el factor de riesgo que más prevalece en pacientes con úlcera de pie diabético, determinar grados de infección y describir lesiones anatómicas en pacientes con esta complicación.
Materiales y métodos: utilizados, en éste trabajo están basados en un estudio Retrospectivo, Descriptivo no experimental. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas de cada paciente atendido en el área de consulta externa con diagnóstico de ulcera de pie diabético entre 35-60 años, de sexo masculino. La muestra utilizada fue de 106 casos, desde Enero hasta Octubre del 2015.
Resultados: los factores de riesgo fueron el tener una mala alimentación en un 75.5%, seguidos de una mala higiene en los pies con un 73%. Los pacientes presentaban grados de lesión en estadio III según Wagner con un 43%, siendo la zona más afectada los dedos con un 46%.
Conclusiones: se evidencia que el factor de riesgo más frecuente para desarrollar ulcera de pie diabético en la población de estudio fue la mala alimentación seguido de una mala higiene de los pies, como factores predominantes en el desarrollo de la ulcera.
Recomendación: utilizar nuestros hallazgos y enfocar nuestra práctica diaria a la búsqueda de lesiones en los pies de aquellos pacientes que muestren estos factores de riesgo
Introduction: The diabetic foot is one of the complications of diabetes that constitutionye one of the main problems of public health and social assistance; it is also one of the principal causes of death in Ecuador and the world. The purpose of this research is to serve as an instrument of support for health professionals in regard to the recognition of the main risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Objectives: To identify the risk factor that most prevalent in patients with diabetic foot ulcer, determine degrees of infection and describe anatomical lesions in patients with this complication. Materials and methods: used in this work are based on a study retrospective, descriptive and non-experimental. The data were obtained from the medical histories of each patient treated in the outpatient consultation area with diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcer between 35-60 years, male. The sample used was 106 cases, from January to October 2015. Results: The risk factors were having a poor diet on a 75.5%, followed by poor hygiene on the feet with a 73%. The patients presented degrees of injury in stage III according to Wagner with a 43%, being the most affected area the fingers with a 46%. Conclusions: It was evidenced that the most frequent risk factor for the development of diabetic foot ulcer in the study population was poor feeding followed by poor hygiene of the feet, as predominant factors in the development of the ulcer. Recommendation: use our findings and focus our daily practice to the search-Remains of injuries to the feet of those patients that show these risk factors.
Introduction: The diabetic foot is one of the complications of diabetes that constitutionye one of the main problems of public health and social assistance; it is also one of the principal causes of death in Ecuador and the world. The purpose of this research is to serve as an instrument of support for health professionals in regard to the recognition of the main risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Objectives: To identify the risk factor that most prevalent in patients with diabetic foot ulcer, determine degrees of infection and describe anatomical lesions in patients with this complication. Materials and methods: used in this work are based on a study retrospective, descriptive and non-experimental. The data were obtained from the medical histories of each patient treated in the outpatient consultation area with diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcer between 35-60 years, male. The sample used was 106 cases, from January to October 2015. Results: The risk factors were having a poor diet on a 75.5%, followed by poor hygiene on the feet with a 73%. The patients presented degrees of injury in stage III according to Wagner with a 43%, being the most affected area the fingers with a 46%. Conclusions: It was evidenced that the most frequent risk factor for the development of diabetic foot ulcer in the study population was poor feeding followed by poor hygiene of the feet, as predominant factors in the development of the ulcer. Recommendation: use our findings and focus our daily practice to the search-Remains of injuries to the feet of those patients that show these risk factors.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Pie diabético, Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital General Martín Icaza, Cantón Babahoyo, Ecuador