Perdida prematura de dientes deciduos en escolares
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2018-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontologia
Resumen
La caries dental, es la principal causa de pérdida prematura de dientes deciduos antes de su exfoliación natural, las mismas que conllevan a diversas consecuencias que afectaran la armonía, desarrollo y funcionamiento de la cavidad oral. El objetivo del presente estudio fue establecer cuál es la prevalencia de pérdida prematura de dientes deciduos en escolares del Centro de Educación Inicial Cesar Andrade de la ciudad de Guayaquil del periodo lectivo 2018. La población total de estudio fue 661 escolares de los cuales se obtuvo como muestra a 249 en edades de 4 a 8 años matriculados respetivamente. Este estudio fue de tipo cualitativo, cuantitativo, observacional y transversal, las variables analizadas fueron diente deciduo perdido, edad, género, maloclusión. Como resultados se obtuvo que la frecuencia de pérdida prematura de dientes deciduos fue de 27,71%, con mayor prevalencia en el género masculino con 60,87%; el diente con mayor pérdida prematura fue el canino inferior derecho con 12,32%, la edad con mayor porcentaje fue a los 8 años con 42,03% y el tipo de maloclusión fue la clase I con 65%. En conclusión, la frecuencia de pérdida prematura de dientes deciduos se eleva por la falta de conocimiento, importancia y negligencia que tienen los padres en el cuidado de la salud bucal de sus niños, además algunos profesionales no tienen el conocimiento sobre las consecuencias que causa la eliminación prematura de dientes deciduos ya que afectan a los futuros dientes permanentes y aumenta el riesgo en el desarrollo y funcionamiento de la cavidad oral.
Dental caries is the main cause of premature loss of deciduous teeth before their natural exfoliation, which leads to various consequences that affect the harmony and development of the oral cavity. The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of premature loss of deciduous teeth in schoolchildren of the Cesar Andrade Initial Education Center in the city of Guayaquil during the 2018 school year. The total study population was 661 schoolchildren, of which shows 249 in ages of 4 to 8 years enrolled respectably. This study was qualitative, quantitative, observational and cross-sectional, the variables analyzed were: lost deciduous tooth, age, gender, malocclusion. The results showed that the frequency of premature loss of deciduous teeth was 27.71%, with a higher prevalence in the male gender with 60.87%; the tooth with the highest premature loss was the right lower canine with 12.32%, the age with the highest percentage was at 8 years with 42.03% and the type of malocclusion was class I with 65%. To conclude, the frequency of premature loss of deciduous teeth is increased by the lack of knowledge, importance and negligence that parents have in the oral health care of their children, in addition some professionals do not have the knowledge about the consequences caused by the premature removal of deciduous teeth as they affect future permanent teeth and increases the risk in the development and functioning of the oral cavity.
Dental caries is the main cause of premature loss of deciduous teeth before their natural exfoliation, which leads to various consequences that affect the harmony and development of the oral cavity. The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of premature loss of deciduous teeth in schoolchildren of the Cesar Andrade Initial Education Center in the city of Guayaquil during the 2018 school year. The total study population was 661 schoolchildren, of which shows 249 in ages of 4 to 8 years enrolled respectably. This study was qualitative, quantitative, observational and cross-sectional, the variables analyzed were: lost deciduous tooth, age, gender, malocclusion. The results showed that the frequency of premature loss of deciduous teeth was 27.71%, with a higher prevalence in the male gender with 60.87%; the tooth with the highest premature loss was the right lower canine with 12.32%, the age with the highest percentage was at 8 years with 42.03% and the type of malocclusion was class I with 65%. To conclude, the frequency of premature loss of deciduous teeth is increased by the lack of knowledge, importance and negligence that parents have in the oral health care of their children, in addition some professionals do not have the knowledge about the consequences caused by the premature removal of deciduous teeth as they affect future permanent teeth and increases the risk in the development and functioning of the oral cavity.
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Palabras clave
CARIES DENTALES, PERDIDA DE DIENTE, DENTICION DECIDUA