Factores de riesgo y complicaciones de hernia inguinal estudio a realizarse en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil período 2014-2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Las hernias de la pared abdominal es una patología quirúrgica muy frecuente de las cuales la hernia inguinal representa el 75%. Es un problema común en todo el mundo con una incidencia aproximada de 15 por cada 1000 en la población.
No se encuentra bien claro la etiología de una hernia inguinal pero sin duda es multifactorial.
El envejecimiento aumenta la incidencia de hernias, la probabilidad de complicaciones y la necesidad de hospitalización. Se ha encontrado una incidencia mayor en el sexo masculino. Es posible que la función del ejercicio físico en el desarrollo de una hernia inguinal sea menos importante de lo que se pensaba, los atletas aun los levantadores de pesas no tienen una incidencia excesiva de hernia inguinal
Aunque en los últimos años se ha conseguido reducir la incidencia de complicaciones y en especial de la recidiva herniaria, es necesario tener conocimiento de los factores de riesgo y complicaciones y así tratar de disminuirlos.
El postoperatorio transcurre habitualmente sin incidentes, pero existen complicaciones que se pueden presentar tras la reparación de una hernia inguinal. Algunos factores pueden estar asociados a complicaciones tras la reparación quirúrgica como: edad, comorbilidad e immunosupresión, dehiscencia de la sutura, incisión grande, obesidad, presencia de infección previa.
Con este estudio se pretende aclarar las situaciones que contribuyen para la aparición de una hernia inguinal, las complicaciones que frecuentemente aparecen en un paciente con hernia inguinal y tras la reparación de esta.
The hernias of the abdominal wall it is a surgical very frequent pathology of which the inguinal hernia represents 75 %. It is a common problem in the whole world with an approximate incident of 15 for every 1000 in the population. One does not find clear well the etiology of an inguinal hernia but undoubtedly it is multifactorial. The aging increases the incident of hernias, the probability of complications and the need of hospitalization. One has found a major incident in the masculine sex. It is possible that the function of the physical exercise in the development of an inguinal hernia is less important than it was thought, the athletes even the lifters of weight do not have an excessive incident of inguinal hernia. Though in the last years one has managed to reduce the incident of complications and especially of the recidiva herniaria, it is necessary to have knowledge of the factors of risk and complications and this way to try to diminish them. The postoperatory one passes habitually without incidents, but there exist complications that they can present after the repair of an inguinal hernia. Some factors can be associated with complications after the surgical repair as: age, comorbilidad and immunosupresión, dehiscencia of the suture, big incision, obesity, presence of previous infection. With this study one tries to clarify the situations that they contribute to the appearance of an inguinal hernia, the complications that frequently appear in a patient with inguinal hernia and after the repair of this one.
The hernias of the abdominal wall it is a surgical very frequent pathology of which the inguinal hernia represents 75 %. It is a common problem in the whole world with an approximate incident of 15 for every 1000 in the population. One does not find clear well the etiology of an inguinal hernia but undoubtedly it is multifactorial. The aging increases the incident of hernias, the probability of complications and the need of hospitalization. One has found a major incident in the masculine sex. It is possible that the function of the physical exercise in the development of an inguinal hernia is less important than it was thought, the athletes even the lifters of weight do not have an excessive incident of inguinal hernia. Though in the last years one has managed to reduce the incident of complications and especially of the recidiva herniaria, it is necessary to have knowledge of the factors of risk and complications and this way to try to diminish them. The postoperatory one passes habitually without incidents, but there exist complications that they can present after the repair of an inguinal hernia. Some factors can be associated with complications after the surgical repair as: age, comorbilidad and immunosupresión, dehiscencia of the suture, big incision, obesity, presence of previous infection. With this study one tries to clarify the situations that they contribute to the appearance of an inguinal hernia, the complications that frequently appear in a patient with inguinal hernia and after the repair of this one.
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HERNIA INGUINAL, FACTORES DE RIESGO, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, COMPLICACIONES