Técnicas y procedimientos de la restauración con carillas de porcelana
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2013-06-21
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La profesión odontológica desde sus inicios, ha fundamentado su práctica en el tratamiento de las enfermedades del sistema estomatognático y en la búsqueda del alivio del dolor. De todas las patologías que se presentan en este sistema, la caries dental constituye el primer eslabón en las consideraciones terapéuticas, cuyo tratamiento en el pasado se basaba principalmente en la extracción de la pieza dental, sin importar las alteraciones de orden funcional, estético y emocional que producían sobre estos pacientes.
En la actualidad, la preocupación del paciente por conservar la estética y funcionalidad en su cavidad bucal, y de la Odontología en conservar estructuras dentales sanas, ha traído como consecuencia la utilización de biotecnología, técnicas y materiales, cuya indicación obvia los desgastes convencionales de los tejidos dentarios, los cuales, según estudios realizados producen una mortalidad asociada de la vitalidad del diente hasta de un 15% después de un tiempo medio de diez año
Los avances en materiales dentales y en las técnicas de adhesión han permitido desarrollar numerosas posibilidades terapéuticas más estéticas y conservadoras. Este trabajo pretende presentar al odontólogo, de una manera simplificada, la técnica clínica para la realización de las carillas de porcelana y los factores a considerar para la toma de decisión para este tipo de tratamiento
Una carilla de porcelana consiste en una lámina de porcelana que recubre parcialmente un diente, al que se une por medios micromecánicos adhesivos, tras el grabado del esmalte.
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo las “TECNICAS Y PROCEDIMIENTOS DE LA RESTAURACIÓN CON CARILLAS DE PORCELANA”, también se presentará caso de paciente con desarmonía estética para poder resolver el siguiente problema: ¿Cómo determinar las
principales indicaciones para el uso de carillas de porcelana, en un paciente con desarmonía estética?
Se utilizará los métodos cualitativos, cuantitativos, descriptivos, bibliográficos, obteniendo como resultado los motivos principales que causaran una perfecta armonía de dientes, encía, labios, cara, para así logar un diseño de sonrisa que satisfaga al paciente.
Las principales indicaciones de las carillas de porcelana son problemas estéticos, aunque también pueden tener indicaciones para solucionar algunas alteraciones anatómicas y funcionales.
Las situaciones de carga excesiva sobre las carillas de porcelana o sobre los dientes soporte de las mismas causarán fuerzas inadecuadas que redundarán en la fractura o descementado de la carilla.
La adhesión de las carillas de porcelana al diente se consigue mediante el concurso de cuatro elementos principales, a saber
a. La carilla de porcelana se grabada en su cara interna, aquélla que se cementará a la superficie dentaria.
b. El diente al que irá destinada la carilla, que estará acondicionado en su superficie dentinaria.
c. Un elemento químico silánico como elemento de acondicionamiento y unión entre la carilla de porcelana y el cemento de composite.
d. Un cemento de composite, que servirá de interfase entre el diente dentario preparado y la carilla de porcelana.
Aparte de sus ventajas estéticas sobre los composites las nuevas porcelanas son muy resistentes, con una dureza similar o incluso superior a la del esmalte.
The dental profession since its inception, has based his practice in the treatment of diseases of the stomatognathic system and seeking pain relief . Of all the diseases that occur in this system , tooth decay is the first link in the therapeutic considerations , the treatment in the past was mainly based on the extraction of the tooth , regardless of the changes in functional , aesthetic and emotional order producing on these patients . At present, the patient's concern to preserve the aesthetics and functionality in your oral cavity, and Dentistry in preserving healthy tooth structure , has resulted in the use of biotechnology , techniques and materials , the obvious indication of wear conventional dental tissues , which , according to studies produce an associated mortality of the vitality of the tooth to 15% after an average of ten years Advances in dental materials and techniques have allowed for numerous adhesion more conservative aesthetic and therapeutic possibilities. This work intends to present to the dentist , in a simplified manner , the clinical technique for making porcelain veneers and factors to consider in the decision making for this type of treatment A porcelain veneer is a porcelain plate that partially cover a tooth that is joined by adhesives micromechanical media after etching enamel . This research aims the " TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES OF THE RESTORATION WITH PORCELAIN VENEERS " If aesthetic disharmony patient also presented to solve the following problem : How to determine the main indications for the use of porcelain veneers, in a patient with aesthetic disharmony ? Qualitative , quantitative , descriptive literature methods were used , resulting in the main reasons that caused a perfect harmony of teeth, gums , lips, face , thus logar a smile design that meets the patient. The main indications for porcelain veneers are cosmetic problems , but may also have guides to resolve some anatomical and functional alterations . Overload situations on porcelain veneers or teeth support the same cause inadequate forces will result in fracture or debonding of the veneer . Adhesion of porcelain veneers to tooth competition is achieved by four main elements , namely a. The porcelain veneer is engraved on the inside , one that is cemented to the tooth surface . b . The tooth that go towards the veneer , which is conditioned on your dentin surface . c . A chemical element as silane conditioning and bonding between the porcelain veneer and composite cement . d . A composite cement , which will serve as an interface between the prepared tooth and dental porcelain veneer . Apart from aesthetic advantages over the new porcelain composites are highly resistant , with a similar or even superior to the enamel hardness.
The dental profession since its inception, has based his practice in the treatment of diseases of the stomatognathic system and seeking pain relief . Of all the diseases that occur in this system , tooth decay is the first link in the therapeutic considerations , the treatment in the past was mainly based on the extraction of the tooth , regardless of the changes in functional , aesthetic and emotional order producing on these patients . At present, the patient's concern to preserve the aesthetics and functionality in your oral cavity, and Dentistry in preserving healthy tooth structure , has resulted in the use of biotechnology , techniques and materials , the obvious indication of wear conventional dental tissues , which , according to studies produce an associated mortality of the vitality of the tooth to 15% after an average of ten years Advances in dental materials and techniques have allowed for numerous adhesion more conservative aesthetic and therapeutic possibilities. This work intends to present to the dentist , in a simplified manner , the clinical technique for making porcelain veneers and factors to consider in the decision making for this type of treatment A porcelain veneer is a porcelain plate that partially cover a tooth that is joined by adhesives micromechanical media after etching enamel . This research aims the " TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES OF THE RESTORATION WITH PORCELAIN VENEERS " If aesthetic disharmony patient also presented to solve the following problem : How to determine the main indications for the use of porcelain veneers, in a patient with aesthetic disharmony ? Qualitative , quantitative , descriptive literature methods were used , resulting in the main reasons that caused a perfect harmony of teeth, gums , lips, face , thus logar a smile design that meets the patient. The main indications for porcelain veneers are cosmetic problems , but may also have guides to resolve some anatomical and functional alterations . Overload situations on porcelain veneers or teeth support the same cause inadequate forces will result in fracture or debonding of the veneer . Adhesion of porcelain veneers to tooth competition is achieved by four main elements , namely a. The porcelain veneer is engraved on the inside , one that is cemented to the tooth surface . b . The tooth that go towards the veneer , which is conditioned on your dentin surface . c . A chemical element as silane conditioning and bonding between the porcelain veneer and composite cement . d . A composite cement , which will serve as an interface between the prepared tooth and dental porcelain veneer . Apart from aesthetic advantages over the new porcelain composites are highly resistant , with a similar or even superior to the enamel hardness.
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Palabras clave
OPERATORIA DENTAL, ODONTOLOGIA RESTAURADORA, CARILLAS DENTALES, SONRISA