La inversión pública en educación superior, como factor clave para reducción de la pobreza, período 2010-2017
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2018-09-30
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar la forma en que la inversión pública destinada a la educación superior contribuye a la reducción de la pobreza durante el período 2010 – 2017. Como antecedente del estudio se ha identificado a la pobreza como el mayor desafío que enfrenta el Ecuador, debido a que al menos un 23% de la población vive en condiciones de pobreza, y un 8% en pobreza extrema. Bajo este contexto, la hipótesis de investigación fue formulada de la siguiente manera: “La inversión pública en educación superior es uno de los factores claves para reducir la pobreza, la tasa de deserción estudiantil e impulsar el crecimiento económico del PIB que anhela el país con su Plan Nacional de Desarrollo”. De esta manera, la metodología utilizada fue el método Histórico – Lógico con un análisis correlacional debido a que analizaron las relaciones existentes entre Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), Nivel de Educación y las Exportaciones Neta. El resultado obtenido ayudó a establecer que la correlación entre Inversión Pública y Pobreza es -0.885; en este caso por estar bastante cerca de 1 se puede decir que la correlación es fuerte entre estas dos variables, pero con tendencia decreciente, por tanto a mayor inversión pública si existe una reducción significativa de la pobreza. Como conclusión se determinó que los esfuerzos por incentivar la inversión en educación superior si tienen un impacto favorable para reducir la pobreza y brechas de desigualdad en el país.
The objective of this research is to identify the way in which public investment destined to higher education contributes to the reduction of poverty during the period 2010 - 2017. As a precedent of the study, poverty has been identified as the greatest challenge facing the country. Ecuador, because at least 23% of the population lives in conditions of poverty, and 8% in extreme poverty. In this context, the research hypothesis was formulated as follows: "Public investment in higher education is one of the key factors for reducing poverty, the student dropout rate and boosting the economic growth of the GDP that the country longs for. his National Development Plan. " In this way, the methodology used was the Historical - Logical method with a correlational analysis because they analyzed the existing relationships between Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Level of Education and Net Exports. The result obtained helped to establish that the correlation between Public Investment and Poverty is -0.885; in this case, because it is quite close to 1, it can be said that the correlation is strong between these two variables, but with a decreasing trend, therefore, greater public investment if there is a significant reduction in poverty. In conclusion, it was determined that efforts to encourage investment in higher education if they have a favorable impact to reduce poverty and inequality gaps in the country.
The objective of this research is to identify the way in which public investment destined to higher education contributes to the reduction of poverty during the period 2010 - 2017. As a precedent of the study, poverty has been identified as the greatest challenge facing the country. Ecuador, because at least 23% of the population lives in conditions of poverty, and 8% in extreme poverty. In this context, the research hypothesis was formulated as follows: "Public investment in higher education is one of the key factors for reducing poverty, the student dropout rate and boosting the economic growth of the GDP that the country longs for. his National Development Plan. " In this way, the methodology used was the Historical - Logical method with a correlational analysis because they analyzed the existing relationships between Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Level of Education and Net Exports. The result obtained helped to establish that the correlation between Public Investment and Poverty is -0.885; in this case, because it is quite close to 1, it can be said that the correlation is strong between these two variables, but with a decreasing trend, therefore, greater public investment if there is a significant reduction in poverty. In conclusion, it was determined that efforts to encourage investment in higher education if they have a favorable impact to reduce poverty and inequality gaps in the country.
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CALIDAD ACADÉMICA, POBREZA, POLÍTICA PÚBLICA, EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR