Labio leporino, factores de riesgo y complicaciones en niños menores de cinco años atendidos en el Hospital Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, período anual 2015
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Un labio o paladar leporino es una abertura que ocurre cuando el labio o la bóveda
del paladar no se fusionan completamente durante el primer trimestre del desarrollo del
feto. El tamaño de la hendidura del labio puede consistir desde una pequeña abertura en el
labio superior hasta una abertura que se extienda hasta la base de la ventana de la nariz, el
labio leporino se asocia con paladar hendido o fisura palatina en alrededor del 75% entre
los principales factores de riesgo se encuentra ; el tabaco, edad menor de 20 años o mayor
de 35 años , periodo intergenesico menor de dos años , uso de fármacos nocivos durante el
embarazo, enfermedades infecciosas como toxoplasmosis, rubeola, citomegalovirus,
herpes, (TORCH), radiaciones , fertilizantes plaguicidas, hijo previo con defecto congénito
estructural metabólico. Por medio de este estudio con enfoque tanto cualitativo como
cuantitativo retrospectivo, con diseño no experimental , de corte transversal, se demuestras
los siguientes resultados de niños con diagnóstico de labio leporino ingresados en el
Hospital Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante periodo anual 2015 ; pacientes atendidos con
diagnóstico de labio leporino de 49 pacientes revisados el 78% son sexo masculino lo que
corresponde al sexo predominante con 38 personas, en comparación al sexo femenino con
22%.La edad con mayor índice de esta patología son 5 años con un total de 21 personas de
las 49 estudiadas, la provincia con mayor afectación es la del guayas con 36 pacientes
correspondiente al 67 %, la patología con mayor porcentaje es fisura del paladar blando
con labio leporino unilateral lo que corresponde al 20%.de esta forma se demostró los
principales factores de riesgo, la provincia con mayor número de pacientes, y la patología
más frecuentes.
A cleft lip or cleft palate is an opening that occurs when the lip or palate is not completely fuse during the first trimester of fetal development. The size of the cleft lip may consist of a small opening in the upper lip of an opening that extends to the base of the nasal cavity, cleft lip is associated with cleft palate or cleft palate in approximately 75% among the major risk factors They are; snuff, age younger than 20 or older than 35 years interpregnancy two years, the use of harmful drugs during pregnancy (anticonvulsants or anticoagulants), infectious diseases such as toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes, (TORCH), radiation, fertilizers , pesticides, previous child with a birth defect of structural metabolism. through this study with both qualitative and quantitative retrospective approach, no experimental design, cross section, the following results show children diagnosed with cleft lip admitted Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital 2015 annual period; patients with a diagnosis of cleft lip reviewed 49 patients 78% corresponds to the predominantly male with 38 people, compared to 22% women. Age with the highest rate of this disease is 5 years with a total of 21 people, of the 49 studied, the most affected province is the Guayas with 36 patients corresponding to 67%, pathology with the highest percentage is the soft palate with unilateral cleft lip corresponding to 20% .of this way, the main risk factors, the province was demonstrated with more patients, and the most frequent pathology. 10
A cleft lip or cleft palate is an opening that occurs when the lip or palate is not completely fuse during the first trimester of fetal development. The size of the cleft lip may consist of a small opening in the upper lip of an opening that extends to the base of the nasal cavity, cleft lip is associated with cleft palate or cleft palate in approximately 75% among the major risk factors They are; snuff, age younger than 20 or older than 35 years interpregnancy two years, the use of harmful drugs during pregnancy (anticonvulsants or anticoagulants), infectious diseases such as toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes, (TORCH), radiation, fertilizers , pesticides, previous child with a birth defect of structural metabolism. through this study with both qualitative and quantitative retrospective approach, no experimental design, cross section, the following results show children diagnosed with cleft lip admitted Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital 2015 annual period; patients with a diagnosis of cleft lip reviewed 49 patients 78% corresponds to the predominantly male with 38 people, compared to 22% women. Age with the highest rate of this disease is 5 years with a total of 21 people, of the 49 studied, the most affected province is the Guayas with 36 patients corresponding to 67%, pathology with the highest percentage is the soft palate with unilateral cleft lip corresponding to 20% .of this way, the main risk factors, the province was demonstrated with more patients, and the most frequent pathology. 10
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Pediatría, Labio leporino, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Factores de riesgo, Paladar hendido