Estudio técnico de un sistema para producir energía eléctrica a partir del biogas generado por la descomposición de la basura en la ciudad de Guayaquil.
Fecha
2018-09-06
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial.
Resumen
Realizar un Estudio técnico de un sistema para producir energía eléctrica mediante la utilización del biogás el cual es generado por la descomposición de los desechos orgánicos de la basura. La energía eléctrica obtenida está destinada para el consumo de los sectores residenciales cercanos al relleno sanitario las Iguanas ubicado en el Km 14,5 vía a Daule ciudad de Guayaquil y tiene la capacidad de cubrir 1,512 % del total de la demanda de energía eléctrica de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Para efecto de estudio se tomó como demanda, el consumo actual residencial de energía eléctrica. Un estudio realizado por Eastern Research Group, Inc. y Carbon Trade, Ltd. en 2007, permitió determinar el tamaño de la planta, su localización, cantidad de máquinas y equipos necesarios, la Ingeniería de Proyecto, y el diseño organizacional. El proyecto requiere una inversión total de $ 17.737.309,22 correspondido $ 16.689.583,00 (94,09%) de la inversión fija y $ 1.047.726,22 (5,91%) al capital operaciones, tomando como financiamiento un préstamo otorgado por la Corporación Financiera Nacional por un valor correspondiente del 80 % de la inversión fija ($ 13.351.666,40). Se calculó los indicadores financieros reflejando una tasa interna de retorno de 20,80% y un Valor Actual Neto de $ 23.421.538,19 y un periodo de recuperación de la inversión de 7 años y un coeficiente de costo beneficio de 1,32. En conclusión los indicadores financieros indican la factibilidad, rentabilidad y beneficio de la inversión del proyecto.
To carry out a technical study of a system to produce electric power, through the use of biogas which is generated by the decomposition of the organic wastes of garbage. The obtained electric power is dedicated for the consumption of the residential sectors close to the sanitary filler Las Iguanas located in the Km 14,5 via Daule, city of Guayaquil, and it has the capacity to cover 1,512% of the total demand of electric power of the city. For study purposes, the residential current consumption of electric power was considered. A study carried out by Eastern Research Group, Inc. and Coal Trade, Ltd. in 2007, allowed to determine the size of the plant, its location, quantity of machines and necessary equipment, the Engineering of the Project, and the organizational design. The project requires a total investment of $17.737.309,22 corresponding $16.689.583,00 (94,09%) to the fixed investment and $1.047.726,22 (5,91%) to the capital operations, taking as financing a loan granted by the National Financial Corporation for a value corresponding to the 80% of the fixed investment ($13.351.666,40). The financial indicators were calculated reflecting an internal rate of return of 20,80%, a Net Current Value of $23.421.538,19, and a period of 7 years for investment recovery and a coefficient of cost-benefit of 1,32. In conclusion the financial indicators indicate the feasibility, profitability and benefit of the investment of the project.
To carry out a technical study of a system to produce electric power, through the use of biogas which is generated by the decomposition of the organic wastes of garbage. The obtained electric power is dedicated for the consumption of the residential sectors close to the sanitary filler Las Iguanas located in the Km 14,5 via Daule, city of Guayaquil, and it has the capacity to cover 1,512% of the total demand of electric power of the city. For study purposes, the residential current consumption of electric power was considered. A study carried out by Eastern Research Group, Inc. and Coal Trade, Ltd. in 2007, allowed to determine the size of the plant, its location, quantity of machines and necessary equipment, the Engineering of the Project, and the organizational design. The project requires a total investment of $17.737.309,22 corresponding $16.689.583,00 (94,09%) to the fixed investment and $1.047.726,22 (5,91%) to the capital operations, taking as financing a loan granted by the National Financial Corporation for a value corresponding to the 80% of the fixed investment ($13.351.666,40). The financial indicators were calculated reflecting an internal rate of return of 20,80%, a Net Current Value of $23.421.538,19, and a period of 7 years for investment recovery and a coefficient of cost-benefit of 1,32. In conclusion the financial indicators indicate the feasibility, profitability and benefit of the investment of the project.
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PROYECTOS NUEVOS, ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA, BIOGAS, MEDIO AMBIENTE